饲料工业2026，Vol.47Issue(3)：150-158,9.DOI:10.13302/j.cnki.fi.2026.03.021
不同化学处理对小麦秸秆营养成分和体外发酵参数的影响
Effects of Different Chemical Treatments on Nutrients and in Vitro Fermentation Parameters of Wheat Straw
摘要
Abstract
This experiment aimed to study the effects of single or combined treatments of urea,sodium hydroxide,and sodium bicarbonate on the nutrients and in vitro fermentation parameters of wheat straw.The addition amounts of urea and sodium hydroxide were both 0 and 3%of the dry matter(DM)of the straw,and the addition amount of sodium bicarbonate was 0 and 2%of the straw DM.Samples were collected after being sealed and treated at room temperature for 30 d to analyze the nutrients of the wheat straw.Using the rumen fluid from three healthy Simmental cross-bred beef cattle with permanent rumen fistulas as the donors,the in vitro dry matter digestibility,gas production,and fermentation parameters of the treated wheat straw after 48 h were determined by the in vitro gas production method.The results showed that:① individual,two-factor,and three-factor treatments with urea,NaOH,and NaHCO₃ all significantly affected the crude protein(CP)content in wheat straw(P<0.05).Urea,NaOH,and NaHCO₃ treatments significantly affected the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)content(P<0.05).NaOH treatment remarkably reduced the acid detergent fiber(ADF)and acid detergent lignin(ADL)contents(P<0.05),while NaHCO₃ treatment significantly affected the ADF content(P<0.05).However,there were no significant interactive effects among the treatment factors(P>0.05).② Both urea and NaOH treatments significantly affected the in vitro dry matter degradation rate(P<0.05).Addition-ally,urea and NaOH treatments notably enhanced the cumulative gas production during the in vitro fermenta-tion of wheat straw(P<0.05).Moreover,significant two-way and three-way interactive effects were observed among urea,NaOH,and NaHCO₃(P<0.05).③ Urea treatment significantly affected the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen(NH₃-N),acetic acid,propionic acid,and butyric acid(P<0.05).In contrast,NaOH and NaHCO₃ treatments had no significant impacts on the concentrations of NH₃-N,acetic acid,propionic acid,or butyric acid during the in vitro fermentation of wheat straw,and there were no significant interactive effects among the treatment factors(P>0.05).In conclusion,the 3%urea+3%NaOH+2%NaHCO3 combined treat-ment can significantly improve the nutritional value and in vitro fermentation characteristics of wheat straw.关键词
不同化学处理/小麦秸秆/营养成分/体外发酵参数/饲料化Key words
different chemical treatments/wheat straw/nutrients/in vitro fermentation parameters/feed uti-lization分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
欧阳滔滔,白永松,孙海霞,周道玮..不同化学处理对小麦秸秆营养成分和体外发酵参数的影响[J].饲料工业,2026,47(3):150-158,9.基金项目
吉林省肉牛产业化发展重大科技专项[YDZJ202203CGZH046] （）
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所创新团队项目[2023CXTD02] （）
