全球科技经济瞭望2025，Vol.40Issue(10)：22-32,11.DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2025.10.004
国际科技成果转化典型经验及对中国的启示
Typical International Experience in Scientific and Technological Achievement Transfer and Its Implications for China:An Analysis from the Perspective of Incentive Mechanisms
摘要
Abstract
The transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a key driver for accelerating innovation-driven development and achieving self-reliance in science and technology.From the perspective of incentive mechanisms,this paper systematically sorts out and analyzes the typical experiences in technology transfer and commercialization of the United States,Japan,and Germany.It is found that the core commonality of international typical models lies in taking ownership reform as the foundation to establish the control rights of research and development institutions over service invention and technological achievements.The latest policy practices have further focused and deepened towards promoting the diversification of incentive mechanisms,realizing precise empowerment of small and medium-sized enterprises,advancing the construction of a digital ecosystem,and establishing risk-sharing mechanisms in key areas.In contrast,China still faces institutional shortcomings in optimizing the ownership allocation of service inventions,improving the income distribution model for researchers,supporting the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in technology transfer and commercialization,improving fault-tolerance and liability exemption mechanisms,and advancing the construction of new digital infrastructure.In view of this,this paper puts forward policy recommendations from five dimensions:improving the institutional mechanism for confirming ownership,innovating the income distribution model,empowering the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in transformation,constructing fault-tolerance and liability exemption mechanisms,and strengthening digital empowerment,so as to provide important reference and inspiration for improving the incentive mechanism for technology transfer and commercialization in China.关键词
产权激励/科技成果转化/职务科技成果赋权改革/激励机制Key words
Property Rights Incentives/Technology Transfer and Transformation/Reform of Empowerment for Job-Related Scientific and Technological Achievements/Incentive Mechanisms分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
朱倍其,张志娟,杨朝峰,郄海拓,谭文喆,杨扬..国际科技成果转化典型经验及对中国的启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,40(10):22-32,11.基金项目
中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金青年项目"政策工具与科技成果转化的多元组态路径研究——基于省级面板数据的动态QCA分析方法"(QN2025-02). （QN2025-02）
