新医学2026，Vol.57Issue(2)：120-128,9.DOI:10.12464/j.issn.0253-9802.2025-0412
肠造口在低位直肠癌治疗中的现状与展望
Intestinal stoma for low rectal cancer:current status and future perspectives
摘要
Abstract
The technique of intestinal stoma formation plays a critical role in determining postoperative recovery and long-term quality of life for patients with low rectal cancer,making its appropriate application a vital component of surgical treatment.This article systematically reviews the characteristics of mainstream stoma techniques,such as protective ileostomy and colostomy,with a particular focus on modified approaches—including stoma creation without a supporting rod,self-closing protective stoma,and extraperitoneal tunnel stoma—that aim to lower complication rates.It also assesses the potential applications and technical challenges associated with these modifications.The article further addresses current clinical debates concerning stoma indications and the optimal timing for stoma reversal.Finally,in line with ongoing trends toward minimally invasive and precision surgery,the article looks ahead to the potential role of innovative technologies—for instance,biodegradable stents and transanal drainage—in the future management of stomas.The overarching objective is to offer an evidence-based reference to support the development of individualized clinical treatment strategies.关键词
低位直肠癌/预防性造口/吻合口瘘/回肠造口Key words
Low rectal cancer/Prophylactic stoma/Anastomotic leak/Ileostomy引用本文复制引用
张晨鸣,郑思悦,李书原,楼征..肠造口在低位直肠癌治疗中的现状与展望[J].新医学,2026,57(2):120-128,9.基金项目
2023年度上海市"科技创新行动计划"项目(23DZ2202000) （23DZ2202000）
第二轮上海市《促进市级医院临床技能与临床创新能力三年行动计划》重大临床研究项目(SHDC2020CR1033B-002) （SHDC2020CR1033B-002）
