眼科学报2025，Vol.40Issue(12)：978-984,7.DOI:10.12419/25060501
全眼球移植的历史进展与现存挑战
Historical advancement and current challenges in whole eye transplantation
摘要
Abstract
Whole eye transplantation(WET)is a potential definitive treatment for irreversible ocular damage and permanent blindness caused by conditions like trauma or tumors.The success of WET depends not only on the complete anatomical restoration of the transplanted eye but,more critically,on the recovery of functional vision.Key challenges in this field include optimizing surgical strategies to re-establish ocular blood circulation,achieving functional neural integration between the donor optic nerve and the recipient's visual centers,and developing precise and effective immunomodulation strategies to strike a balance transplant tolerance and infection risk.This review provides a systematic review of the research progress and developmental challenges in the field of WET.Early studies primarily utilized poikilothermic animal models,which demonstrated a certain degree of plasticity in the visual pathway following transplantation.However,due to significant anatomical differences compared to humans and the lack of sophisticated vascular and neural anastomosis in experimental designs,their clinical translatability of these studies remained constrained.With the progress in microvascular techniques,preliminary explorations in mammalian models and human eye transplantation have achieved significant breakthroughs in microsurgical vascular anastomosis,enabling the short-term reestablishment of retinal blood perfusion in transplanted eyes.Nonetheless,persistent obstacles include inadequate optic nerve regeneration and poor long-term functional maintenance.Currently,research bottlenecks mainly focus on three aspects:optimizing surgical techniques for blood circulation reconstruction,precisely regenerating nerve axons,and regulating the immune microenvironment.Establishing standardized non-human primate models that closely mimic humans and conducting systematic experimental studies will furnish crucial evidence and novel insights to overcome existing technical hurdles and propel WET toward clinical application.关键词
全眼球移植/动物模型/血液循环/视神经再生/免疫排斥/非人灵长类动物Key words
whole eye transplantation/animal models/blood circulation/optic nerve regeneration/immune rejection/non-human primates分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
彭婧怡,钟刘学颖..全眼球移植的历史进展与现存挑战[J].眼科学报,2025,40(12):978-984,7.基金项目
广东省医学科研基金(A2024491)、广州市基础研究计划市校(院)联合资助项目(SL2024A03J00533).This work was supported by Guangdong Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Fund(A2024491),Guangzhou Municipal Basic Research Program Jointly Funded by the Municipality and Universities(Institutes)(SL2024A03J00533). （A2024491）
