中国水利水电科学研究院学报（中英文）2026，Vol.24Issue(1)：23-33,87,12.DOI:10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.Y20250239
柴达木盆地湖泊水面演变与基准面积分析
Evolution of lake area and analysis of benchmark lake area in the Qaidam Basin
摘要
Abstract
The Qaidam Basin has a clear spatial pattern:freshwater lakes are found in mountainous margins,transi-tioning to brackish and saline lakes toward the center.Over the past two decades,plain-region lake areas have increased significantly,and salt lakes have been widely developed.To support sustainable resource management and ecological water accounting,this study proposes a benchmark lake area based on 1956-2000 hydrological condi-tions,representing long-term stability of resources and ecosystems.For mineral-rich salt lakes,the benchmark is the multi-year average or near-normal year area.For freshwater,saline,and low-salinity ecosystem lakes,it is the area during ecologically favorable periods.Based on remote sensing and historical data,the total benchmark area of 58 lakes is 1,867 km2,with 22 plain-region lakes larger than 5 km2 accounting for 1,266 km2.By 2024,plain-region lake area reached 1,659 km2-sharply higher than in 2005.Salt fields expanded by 666.6 km2 over the same period.Lake changes vary:erosion-controlled lakes changed little;glacial-fed near-natural lakes grew 50％～140％;lakes with increased inflow but human interventions(e.g.,water diversion)expanded 19％～32％;precipitation-driven lakes rose regionally-eastern lakes by 85％～253％,central by 26％～34％,western by 14％;brine storage lakes grew ten-to five hundred-fold;and those drained for extraction dried completely.关键词
柴达木盆地/湖泊/盐湖/盐矿资源/气候变化/基准面积Key words
Qaidam Basin/lakes/salt lakes/salt mine resources/climate change/benchmark lake area分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
王芳,朱东升,轩换玲..柴达木盆地湖泊水面演变与基准面积分析[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报（中英文）,2026,24(1):23-33,87,12.基金项目
青海省水利厅横向项目(WR120202B0012025) （WR120202B0012025）
