植物遗传资源学报2026，Vol.27Issue(2)：254-263,10.DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20250902001
CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术改良小麦重要性状的研究进展与应用
Research Progress and Applications of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Improving Important Traits in Wheat
摘要
Abstract
Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is one of the most important food crops worldwide,essential for ensuring food security and sustainable agricultural development worldwide.With the continuous growth of the global population and the increasing impact of climate change,improving wheat yield and quality has become increasingly urgent.In recent years,CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology has been widely applied to functional gene research and trait improvement in major crops such as rice and maize,achieving remarkable progress due to its simplicity,high targeting specificity,and editing efficiency.However,applying and advancing CRISPR/Cas9 technology in wheat remains challenging due to the polyploidy and structural complexity of its genome,coupled with its relatively low genetic transformation efficiency.In response to this situation,this review systematically summarizes the discovery and underlying mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9 system,outlines the four main types of edits it can induce-including short fragment insertions,fragment deletions,base substitutions and large fragment insertions,and further highlights recent advances in applying this technology to improve disease resistance,stress tolerance,and yield related traits in wheat.Additionally,considering the current challenges in wheat CRISPR/Cas9 applications,such as limited editing efficiency,off-target effects,and imperfect transformation systems,potential optimization strategies and actionable solutions are proposed in this review.Overall,this review aims to provide a theoretical foundation and technical reference for future molecular breeding research in wheat,thereby promoting the efficient application of genome-editing technologies in wheat.关键词
小麦/基因编辑/CRISPR/Cas9/抗病抗逆Key words
wheat/genome editing/CRISPR/Cas9/disease resistance and stress tolerance引用本文复制引用
吕国国,刘峥,梁仪红,刘珂,马悦,张蒙,胡海燕..CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术改良小麦重要性状的研究进展与应用[J].植物遗传资源学报,2026,27(2):254-263,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32171995,32501986) （32171995,32501986）
中国博士后科学基金(2024M750748) （2024M750748）
河南省科技攻关(252102111116)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171995,32501986) （252102111116）
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M750748) （2024M750748）
Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project(252102111116) （252102111116）
