植物营养与肥料学报2026，Vol.32Issue(1)：158-172,15.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2025125
优化轮耕与施肥模式提升潮土养分有效性和作物生产力
Optimum combination of tillage system and fertilization method enhances soil nutrient availability and crop productivity in fluvo-aquic soil region
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]This study was conducted in the fluvo-aquic soil region of northern Henan Province to investigate the effects of different tillage modes and fertilization on the photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter translocation,and yield of wheat and maize.The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing field management in this region.[Methods]The long-term tillage experiment,located in Yuanyang County,Henan Province,was started in 2016.A two-factor split-plot design was used in the experiment,the main plot was fertilization:mere chemical fertilizers(NPK)and combination of organic and chemical fertilizers(MNPK);the sub-plot was tillage system.In every 3-year cycle,three tillage methods comprising a total of four modes:continuous rotary tillage(R-R-R),deep tillage-rotary tillage-rotary tillage(D-R-R),deep tillage-rotary tillage-shallow rotary tillage(D-R-S),deep tillage-shallow rotary tillage-shallow rotary tillage(D-S-S).In the second year of the third rotation cycle(June and October 2023),the photosynthetic parameters of wheat and maize at the main growth stages were monitored,the dry matter accumulation before flowering and at maturity was investigated.The soil samples of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers were taken at the maturity stage for nutrient content analysis.[Results]Among the eight fertilization and tillage system treatments,MNPK+D-S-S yielded the highest soil nutrient contents in wheat season.Compared with NPK+R-R-R,the soil organic matter,total N,NO3--N,and available P in 0-20 cm soil layer in MNPK+D-S-S were increased by 32.3%,30.0%,64.3%and 292.4%,respectively,soil bulk density decreased by 16.4%,and porosity increased by 32.5%.At the flowering stage of wheat,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of wheat in MNPK+D-S-S were significantly higher than those in NPK+R-R-R treatment,the contribution of dry matter to grain after flowering was 29.6%higher than that of NPK+R-R-R treatment,and the yield was increased by 31.1%.In maize season,MNPK+D-R-S treatment outperformed other treatments in soil nutrient content,structure and photosynthetic characteristics of maize.Compared with NPK+R-R-R treatment,MNPK+D-R-S increased soil organic matter,total N,NH4+-N and available P in 0-20 cm soil layer by 39.7%,36.6%,101.9%and 541.8%,respectively.It decreased the soil bulk density by 8.5%,and increased soil porosity by 21.5%.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of maize at flowering stage increased significantly;the contribution of dry matter to grain after flowering increased by 8.2%,and the yield increased by 20.0%.[Conclusions]Implementing a three-year cycle of deep tillage with rotary or shallow rotary tillage,in combination with organic and chemical fertilizers,can improve soil structure and nutrient content,and consequently improve the photosynthetic characteristics of wheat and maize,enhance the efficiency of dry matter transport and accumulation after anthesis,and increase the yield at last.The approach is recommended as a local suitable farmland management measure.关键词
耕作模式/施肥模式/土壤养分/光合特性/干物质转运/产量Key words
tillage/fertilization/soil nutrient/photosynthetic characteristics/dry matter translocation/yield引用本文复制引用
张帅东,刘芳,柳海涛,介晓磊,杨锦,刘超麟,刘世亮,姜桂英,朱宣霖,张琦,郝博伟,王梦茹,王贝贝..优化轮耕与施肥模式提升潮土养分有效性和作物生产力[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2026,32(1):158-172,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2021YFD1700904,2023YFD1900201,2023YFD1900203) （2021YFD1700904,2023YFD1900201,2023YFD1900203）
河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(252102111089) （科技攻关）
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(26B210008,25A210016). （26B210008,25A210016）
