中国水产科学2025，Vol.32Issue(12)：1845-1854,10.DOI:10.12264/JFSC2025-0158
圆口铜鱼物种保护现状、挑战与展望
Conservation status,challenges,and prospects for the largemouth bronze gudgeon(Coreius guichenoti)
摘要
Abstract
The largemouth bronze gudgeon(Coreius guichenoti)is an important endemic economic fish species in China,primarily distributed in the upstream main channel and tributaries of the Yangtze River.Factors,such as overfishing,stepped hydropower station development,and environmental pollution,have obstructed the migratory pathways of C.guichenoti and greatly reduced their suitable spawning habitats,resulting in an accelerated population decline.In 2021,the C.guichenoti wild population was officially listed as a national second-level key protected wild animal.However,comprehensive research and planning on the basic protection theory,key protection technologies,and overarching protection framework of C.guichenoti remain insufficient,thereby hindering the effective execution of its conservation efforts.In this study,we systematically review the basic biology,reproductive biology,and genetic diversity of C.guichenoti.Notably,C.guichenoti,once an important economic fish species in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River in the 1980s,is now classified as a second-level protected animal,with populations experiencing a continual,marked decline.The conservation of this species in the upper Yangtze River ecosystem has garnered considerable attention from government agencies,research institutions,and the public in recent years.Progress has been made in protective measures,particularly with the implementation of a fishing ban policy in the Yangtze River.The overall fish resources in the basin indicate signs of recovery,reflecting the initial effectiveness of the fishing moratorium.Notably,the frequency of adult C.guichenoti sightings has slightly increased.Meanwhile,major progress has been made in the artificial conservation system.In 2021,collaborative efforts among various research institutions led to a breakthrough:the successful development of fully artificial,large-scale breeding technology for C.guichenoti within controlled recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS).This milestone enabled the mass production of second-generation(F2)juvenile fish,marking a critical step forward in the ex situ conservation of this species.Nonetheless,long-term efforts remain necessary.Here,we summarize the challenges faced in conserving this species,including the ongoing decline of natural populations,severe habitat degradation,substantial decreases in natural reproduction scale and activity,and the lack of assessment regarding the effectiveness of artificial breeding for population recovery.Consequently,we propose several recommendations:accelerate the formulation of the Conservation Action Plan of C.guichenoti;enhance the artificial breeding and conservation technology system;strengthen the protection and restoration of key habitats;improve stock enhancement and post-release monitoring;and reinforce monitoring,evaluation,and technological research.These measures are intended to serve as references for the effective conservation and recovery of C.guichenoti populations.关键词
圆口铜鱼/物种保护/鱼类资源/展望Key words
Coreius guichenoti/species protection/resource/prospects分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李学梅,赵岩,杨德国,朱挺兵,吴兴兵,朱永久,陈思奇,魏念,李晓莉,孟子豪,向邈..圆口铜鱼物种保护现状、挑战与展望[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(12):1845-1854,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32473165) （32473165）
农业农村部财政专项-长江禁捕后常态化监测 （）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023TD61). （2023TD61）
