海洋科学2025，Vol.49Issue(8)：84-96,13.DOI:10.11759/hykx20250222001
海水与水产品中氯霉素分析检测技术研究进展
Research progress on the analysis and detection technology of chloramphenicol in seawater and aquatic products
摘要
Abstract
Chloramphenicol(CAP),a broad-spectrum antibiotic,exerts its antibacterial effect by inhibiting the function of bacterial ribosomes.Since its application in the 1940s,this drug has long been used in aquaculture for disease prevention and control.However,CAP can cause serious toxic side effects,such as bone marrow suppres-sion and aplastic anemia,and its nitrobenzene ring structure shows considerable bioaccumulation in aquatic organ-isms.Although several countries have listed CAP as a prohibited drug in aquaculture,regional violations still tran-spire.CAP residues not only cause harm to the ecological environment but also pose a threat to human health through the food chain.Therefore,a precise and efficient detection system must be established to address such issue.This article summarizes the sample pretreatment and analysis detection techniques for CAP in seawater and aquatic products.In terms of sample pretreatment,seawater samples are filtered to remove particulate matter,and chelating agents,such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid,are added to eliminate metal ion interference.In addition,the pH is adjusted to an appropriate range to improve the recovery rate of the target compound.The pretreatment of biologi-cal samples increases in complexity.In addition to the above steps,mechanical oscillation or ultrasonic disruption of cell structures is performed,followed by centrifugation and collection of the supernatant for enrichment and pu-rification.Among the detection techniques,high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry exhibits high sensitivity and specificity,which enables the precise quantification of trace CAP residues in aquatic products.Colloidal gold immunochromatography involves a simple operation and offers rapid detection,making it suitable for large-scale sample screening and on-site market spot checks.In contrast,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is based on a specific antigen-antibody reaction and shows good selectivity for CAP.Future research should focus on the development of novel detection technologies with high sensitivity and low cost and on the establish-ment of standardized detection procedures to enhance regulatory efficiency.关键词
氯霉素/样品前处理/检测方法/海洋环境Key words
chloramphenicol/sample pretreatment/detection methods/marine environment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
何云霞,张天若,崔正国,曲克明,宋盈盈,周韵,隋金昌,陈剑磊..海水与水产品中氯霉素分析检测技术研究进展[J].海洋科学,2025,49(8):84-96,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42406189) （42406189）
青岛市自然科学基金项目(23-2-1-67-zyyd-jch) （23-2-1-67-zyyd-jch）
山东省博士后创新人才支持计划项目(SDBX2020015) the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42406189 （SDBX2020015）
the Qingdao Natural Science Foundation,No.23-2-1-67-zyyd-jch （）
the Postdoctoral Innovative Talents Support Program of Shandong Province,No.SDBX2020015 （）
