农业机械学报2026，Vol.57Issue(6)：91-103,13.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2026.06.009
油菜铺膜打孔同步播种机关键部件设计与试验
Design and Experiment of Key Components of Rape Film Laying and Perforation Synchronous Seeder
摘要
Abstract
Considering the practical problems of low seedling emergence rate due to drought and low temperature during the sowing period of spring rapeseed seeding method,the traditional film-laying sowing process is complex and the position of seeds and film holes is inconsistent during unit operation,the process scheme of sliding film cutting+synchronous seeding was proposed,a rapeseed laying and perforating synchronous seeder that can realize the integrated operations of rotary tillage,fertilization,film laying,soil covering,perforation and sowing was developed.The influencing factors of the plastic film rotation conditions and the membrane side covering were analyzed,the structure and working parameters of the film covering device was determined.Based on the motion principle of cam swing roller mechanism,the punching mechanism was designed,the structural parameters of the punching mechanism was determined according to the agronomic pore spacing and membrane pore length of rapeseed planting,the dynamic model of punching on the membrane was established,the matching design of the operating parameters of the unit was carried out,and the speed ratio coefficient between the forward speed of the machine and the cam speed λ was obtained as 2.0～2.5;the synchronization analysis of membrane pores and seeds was carried out,the structural parameters of the synchronous seeding mechanism were determined,the main factor affecting the synchronization rate of seeds and membrane pores was analyzed,the length of seed channel p was horizontally constrained by the seed box,and its value range was 18～34 mm.Using the DEM-MBD coupling simulation,the quadrature orthogonal rotation test was carried out with the speed ratio coefficient λ and the horizontal constraint of the seed box and the length p of the seed track as the test factors,the simulation results showed that the synchronization rate between seed and membrane hole was 94.04％when the speed ratio coefficient λ and the seed box horizontal constraint seed track length p were 2.29 and 27 mm.The results of field experiments with a combination of optimal parameters were as follows:the average width of the film edge covering was 80.44 mm,the average length of the film hole was 49.44 mm,and the coefficient of variation of the stability of the film hole length was 5.30％.The hole spacing was 144.76 mm,the synchronization rate was 85.60％,and the synchronization between rapeseed and membrane pores was good,which provided a way for the development of film laying and perforation seeder in spring rapeseed production area.关键词
油菜铺膜播种机/打孔同步投种/凸轮机构/DEM-MBDKey words
rapeseed film-covered seeder/hole-punching sowing in sync/cam mechanism/DEM-MBD分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
廖庆喜,孙晓天,王磊,邓承诺,刘凯文,廖宜涛..油菜铺膜打孔同步播种机关键部件设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2026,57(6):91-103,13.基金项目
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CASR-12-27) （CASR-12-27）
