石油地球物理勘探2026，Vol.61Issue(1)：63-72,10.DOI:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.20250208
结合变分模态分解与小波阈值的微震去噪方法
Microseismic denoising method combining variational mode decomposition with wavelet thresholding
摘要
Abstract
Microseismic monitoring technology is of application significance in fields such as unconventional oil and gas reservoir development and mine disaster monitoring.However,its signals are susceptible to noise inter-ference,which results in a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),thus severely compromising the accuracy of subse-quent seismic source localization and mechanism inversion.Traditional denoising methods such as the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition(CEEMD)and wavelet modulus maxima(WMM)have limitations in processing non-stationary microseismic signals.To this end,this paper proposes a microseismic denoising method named SSA-VMD-CC-WT,which combines variational mode decomposition(VMD)optimized by the sparrow search algorithm(SSA)with the adaptive wavelet thresholding(WT).Firstly,SSA is employed to opti-mize key parameters of the VMD algorithm.Secondly,effective modal components are selected by utilizing the cross-correlation coefficient(CC)to suppress noise.Finally,adaptive WT is applied to perform secondary de-noising on the effective components,reducing signal distortion.Simulation tests demonstrate that in strong noise conditions,the SSA-VMD-CC-WT method can separate noise from effective signals more accurately than the CEEMD and WMM methods.The processing of actual microseismic data reveals that the proposed method sig-nificantly suppresses both low-frequency and high-frequency noise while maintaining the fidelity of weak seis-mic sources,thereby improving data interpretability and SNR.Meanwhile,compared with the traditional genetic algorithm(GA),SSA demonstrates higher optimization efficiency.关键词
微震信号去噪/麻雀优化算法/变分模态分解/互相关系数/自适应小波阈值法Key words
microseismic signal denoising/sparrow search algorithm/variational mode decomposition/cross-cor-relation coefficient/adaptive wavelet thresholding分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
姚振静,陈家豪,郝蕾,秦岚,栗文哲,段丽..结合变分模态分解与小波阈值的微震去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2026,61(1):63-72,10.基金项目
本项研究受河北省教育厅科学研究项目"燕山—太行山地区隧道对地震动地形效应的作用研究"(ZC2026052)资助. （ZC2026052）
