中国南方果树2025，Vol.54Issue(z1)：29-35,7.DOI:10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250097
基于海南金枕榴莲器官养分含量分析榴莲科学施肥
Research on scientific fertilization of durian based on the analysis of organ nutrient content of Monthong durian in Hainan Province
摘要
Abstract
Nutrient content within the organs of durian can effectively reflect its nutritional status,which helps to develop a rea-sonable fertilization plan to improve durian yield and quality.Leaf,branch,flower and fruit samples were collected from the major durian cultivar,Monthong,cultivated in Hainan to analyze the nutrient contents including nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn)and copper(Cu).The proportional relationships among the nutrients were cal-culated,and the correlation analysis was conducted by combining the activities of four extracellular enzymes such as soil β-1,4-glucosidase(BG).The results showed that among the various organs of durian,the nitrogen content ranged from 4.11 to 23.10 g/kg,with the descending order being leaves＞flowers＞branches＞fruits.The nitrogen contents in leaves and flowers were significantly higher than those in branches and fruits.The potassium contents ranged from 13.22 to 24.35 g/kg.The potassi-um content in flowers was significantly higher than that in leaves,branches and fruits.The phosphorus content ranged from 1.55 to 3.13 g/kg.The phosphorus content in both branches and flowers was significantly higher than that in leaves and fruits,with fruits exhibiting the lowest level at only 1.55 g/kg.In addition,the contents of calcium,magnesium and copper ranged from 2.31 to 15.02 g/kg,2.20 to 4.12 g/kg and 5.51 to 14.85 g/kg,respectively.The contents of calcium and magnesium in leaves were significantly higher than those in branches,flowers and fruits,while the copper content showed the opposite pattern.The zinc con-tent ranged from 5.14 to 36.59 g/kg,and there were significant differences in zinc levels among different organs.Among different growth stages of durian,soil extracellular enzyme activity was the highest during the reproductive growth stage.Correlation analy-sis indicated that all nutrient contents influenced and interacted with each other.In practical durian cultivation,multi ple factors such as different growth stages and soil fertility conditions should be fully taken into account,and the application rates and ratios of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn and Cu nutrient elements should be optimized,so as to improve fertilizer use efficiency and durian fruit quality.关键词
榴莲/叶片/果实/氮磷钾/胞外酶/施肥Key words
durian/leaf/fruit/nitrogen phosphorus and potassium/ectoenzyme/fertilization引用本文复制引用
万云星,孟磊,卢齐仟,陈章兵,朱启林,但小倩,张金波,李梅,喻子才,张向东..基于海南金枕榴莲器官养分含量分析榴莲科学施肥[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(z1):29-35,7.基金项目
海南省重点研发项目——三亚榴莲品质控制技术研究与示范(ZDYF2024XDNY251)资助. （ZDYF2024XDNY251）
