中国猪业2026，Vol.21Issue(1)：12-19,8.DOI:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2026.01.002
ACAT1在脂肪代谢、线粒体能量稳态中的多重角色:机制与疾病关联
ACAT1 in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial energy homeostasis:the multiple roles with disease associations and associated mechanisms
摘要
Abstract
The ACAT1 gene is located on human chromosome 11q22.3,comprising 16 exons.It encodes a protein that exists as homodimers or tetramers.The monomer contains nine transmembrane helices,with a histidine residue serving as the catalytic core.The central hydrophobic cavity of the tetramer may mediate cholesterol transport.This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondria,and mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites(MAMs),with enrichment in liver and adipose tissue.The expression of ACAT1 is co-regulated by transcription factors,cholesterol levels,and epigenetic factors.In lipid metabolism,ACAT1 catalyzes the esterific ation of free cholesterol with long-chain fatty acids for storage,regulates adipocyte differentiation and brown fat maturation.In the study of pigs,SNP differences in ACAT1 are associated with fat deposition.In mitochondrial energy homeostasis,ACAT1 participates in acetyl-CoA metabolism,where acetylation regulates glycolysis and lipid metabolism,influencing mitochondrial function and ER-mitochondrial interactions.Abnormal ACAT1 expression is associated with diseases such as atherosclerosis(promoting foam cell formation)and tumors(regulating proliferation and immune evasion).Its inhibitors(e.g.,avastimib,nevanimibe)exhibit antitumor activity,with some entering clinical trials.Targeting ACAT1 holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for related diseases.关键词
ACAT1/胆固醇代谢/线粒体稳态/疾病关联/治疗靶点/猪Key words
ACAT1/cholesterol metabolism/mitochondrial homeostasis/disease association/therapeutic target/pig分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吕志东,李娜,蒲蕾,楚蕊鸽,楚菡,邓师凡,曹婧轩,柯亮亮,张建斌,杨华,李文军..ACAT1在脂肪代谢、线粒体能量稳态中的多重角色:机制与疾病关联[J].中国猪业,2026,21(1):12-19,8.基金项目
天津市科技计划项目(25JCYBJC00070) （25JCYBJC00070）
国家级大学生创新训练项目(202510061025) （202510061025）
国家级大学生创新训练项目(202410061007) （202410061007）
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2024XDNY271) （ZDYF2024XDNY271）
阜阳师范大学科研平台开发课题(FYKFKT24042) （FYKFKT24042）
天津生猪产业技术体系创新团队项目 （）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1301200) （2021YFD1301200）
天津农学院青年科技人才发展基金项目(2025QNKJ21) （2025QNKJ21）
天津市畜禽分子育种与生物技术重点实验室开放课题基金项目 （）
