森林与环境学报2026，Vol.46Issue(2)：150-159,10.DOI:10.13324/j.cnki.jfcf.202508027
海拔变化对山地森林大中型立木群落结构和多样性的影响
Influences of elevation changes on large and medium-sized tree community structure and diversity in a subtropical mountain forest
摘要
Abstract
To reveal the influences of elevation changes on the structures and diversity of mountain forest communities,sampling plots were set up at two sites of different elevations in the Xinfengjiang National Forest Park of Guangdong Province,for the community survey of large and medium-sized standing trees with the diameter at breast height(DBH)≥5 cm.Responses of species composition,structure and diversity of forest communities to the changes in elevation were analyzed.The results are as follows.(1)Species composition of the forest communities at different elevational gradients was extremely different.The lower-elevation community had higher number of species and stems of standing trees than the higher-elevation community.The lower-elevation community had 73.2%of the species(representing 82.4%of the stems)differing from the higher-elevation community,while the higher-elevation community had 71.1%of the species(representing 52.0%of the stems)differing from the lower-elevation community.The top five most abundant tree species differed between the two communities.(2)The α-diversity indices of the community decreased with the increase of elevation,while the β-diversity indices were greater in the higher-elevation community than in the lower-elevation community,indicating that community heterogeneity and species turnover decreased along the inverse elevational warming gradient.(3)In the higher-elevation community,species richness showed highly significantly positive correlations(P<0.01)with Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index,Brillouin index,Menhinick index,Simpson index,Q Statistic index,and McIntosh index.In the lower-elevation community,these correlations and coupling decreased,and especially,the correlations of species richness with McIntosh index and Q Statistic index became statistically insignificant.These findings demonstrate that warming effects dependent on the inverse elevation gradient increases the α-diversity of large and medium-sized standing trees in the mountain forest while reducing the β-diversity(representing the turnover of species in the community)and the correlations and coupling between species richness and diversity indices.关键词
山地森林/大中型立木/群落结构/海拔变化/α多样性/β多样性/气候变暖Key words
mountain forest/large and medium-sized tree/community structure/elevation change/α-diversity/β-diversity/climate warming分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
苏宇乔,黄芳芳,甘先华,吴国章,张卫强..海拔变化对山地森林大中型立木群落结构和多样性的影响[J].森林与环境学报,2026,46(2):150-159,10.基金项目
国家林业和草原局林草科技创新平台运行补助项目"广东东江源森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站运行补助"(2024132066) （2024132066）
广东省级财政资金项目"林业生态监测平台运行维护"(2025KJXM02). （2025KJXM02）
