广州中医药大学学报2026，Vol.43Issue(3)：573-579,7.DOI:10.13359/j.cnki.gzxbtcm.2026.03.004
肺结节患者临床症状及中医证候分布特征的横断面研究与关联分析
Cross-Sectional Study and Association Analysis of Clinical Symptoms and Distribution Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Pulmonary Nodules
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical symptoms and distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes in patients with pulmonary nodules,and to analyze the associations among different TCM syndrome types.Methods A total of 384 patients with pulmonary nodules treated at Zhumadian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between March 2024 and March 2025 were selected as the study subjects.The clinical symptoms and distribution of TCM syndromes(including cold-heat syndrome differentiation and disease-nature syndrome differentiation)were analyzed.The Apriori algorithm was employed to analyze the associations among different TCM syndrome types.Results(1)Regarding high-risk factors,among the 384 patients,those with one high-risk factor were the most numerous(144 cases,37.50%),followed by patients with no significant high-risk factors(117 cases,30.47%).(2)Regarding nodule characteristics(including nodule number,size,nature,stability,and newly-developed nodules),the vast majority of patients had multiple nodules,nodules＜10 mm,pure ground-glass nodules,stable nodules,and no newly-developed nodules.(3)Regarding clinical symptoms,among the ten most common symptoms,fatigue had the highest incidence(44.01%),followed by cough(40.10%),white sputum(34.38%),and irritability/distress(33.59%).(4)Regarding TCM syndromes,cold-heat syndrome differentiation showed that the cold-heat complex syndrome accounted for the highest proportion(63.54%).The disease-nature syndrome differentiation showed that the qi deficiency syndrome was the most prevalent(88.02%),followed by qi stagnation syndrome(83.07%)and phlegm syndrome(70.83%).The proportions of cold syndrome and dampness syndrome were significantly high in patients with nodule sizes of 10-30 mm compared to those with nodules＜10 mm(P＜0.05).The proportions of cold-heat complex syndrome and qi counterflow syndrome were significantly high in patients with newly-developed nodules compared to those without(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(5)Regarding associations,the Apriori algorithm analysis revealed strong associations between qi stagnation syndrome and qi deficiency syndrome,between qi stagnation syndrome and cold syndrome,and between qi deficiency syndrome and cold syndrome.Conclusion The main symptoms in patients with pulmonary nodules are fatigue,cough,white sputum,and irritability/distress.The primary TCM syndromes are cold-heat complex syndrome,qi deficiency syndrome,qi stagnation syndrome,and phlegm syndrome.The distribution of syndromes is related to nodule size and the presence of newly-developed nodules.Common composite syndrome types include qi stagnation with qi deficiency syndrome,qi stagnation with cold syndrome,and qi deficiency with cold syndrome.关键词
肺结节/临床症状/中医证候/寒热辨证/寒热错杂证/病性辨证/气虚证Key words
pulmonary nodules/clinical symptoms/TCM syndrome/cold-heat syndrome differentiation/cold-heat complex syndrome/disease-nature syndrome differentiation/qi deficiency syndrome分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
郑晓娜,刘中友..肺结节患者临床症状及中医证候分布特征的横断面研究与关联分析[J].广州中医药大学学报,2026,43(3):573-579,7.基金项目
河南省中医药拔尖人才培养项目专项课题(编号:2022ZYBJ30) （编号:2022ZYBJ30）
