贵州农业科学2026，Vol.54Issue(2)：51-60,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2026.02.006
黔西南州引进75个甘蓝型油菜品种的农艺性状与适应性评价
Evaluation on Agronomic Traits and Adaptability of 75 Introduced Brassica napus Varieties in Qianxinan Prefecture
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The Brassica napus varieties suitable for local cultivation were screened by evaluating the regional adaptability of introduced B.napus varieties in early-maturing areas of Qianxinan Prefecture.[Method]The B.napus varieties with the advantages of high quality,high yield and strong adaptability were screened by analyzing the differences in growth period and agronomic traits among 75 introduced B.napus winter varieties by a field experiment,the correlations between different agronomic traits and the genetic relationship among 75 introduced B.napus winter varieties,such as Zaoza 7,Liyouza 168,Chuanzaoyou 12,etc.[Result]In Qianxinan Prefecture,75 introduced B.napus varieties showed an obvious high-temperature forced ripening phenomenon at maturity stage.The entire growth period was relatively short(164-173 d)and there was a lesser difference among 75 introduced B.napus varieties.The variation coefficients of seeds per pod,yield per plant,effective branches and effective pods per plant all exceeded 20%.The seeds per pod was 8.13-25.72 with the highest variation coefficient(26.78%).The yield per plant was 5.39-16.77 g with variation coefficient of 25.32%.The number of effective branches was 1.9-7.0 with variation coefficient of 22.85%.The results of correlation analysis indicated that yield was positively related to yield per plant very significantly,positively related to thousand grain weight and negatively related to pods of main inflorescences significantly.The yield per plant was positively related to effective branches and effective pods per plant very significantly,and negatively related to branch position very significantly.The branch position was closely related to plant height obviously.The clustering results indicated that 75 introduced B.napus varieties could be classified into six groups.Among them,the average yield of Group Ⅲ(Liyouza 168,Mianyou 51,Yangguang 131 and Zaoza 9)with a high yield performance reached 166.48 kg/667m2 due to moderate plant height,lower branch position,higher effective branches,effective pods per plant,yield per plant and yield.The average yield of Group V(including 25 varieties such as Zaoza 7,Youyanzao 185,and Baoyou 150)with a moderate and high yield performance was 151.75 kg/667m2 due to medium plant height,branch position,effective branches,effective pods per plant and yield per plant and higher thousand grain weight.[Conclusion]The B.napus varieties with moderate plant height,lower branch position,higher effective branches and more effective pods per plant are beneficial to increase rapeseed yield.The yield of Mianyou 51,Xingdeyou 1 and Zaoza 7 is above 180 kg/667m2,and 39.15%,37.49%and 35.81%higher than the average value of 75 introduced B.napus varieties respectively,which indicates that three introduced B.napus varieties with a great potential for increased production should be popularized and cultivated in Qianxinan Prefecture.Zaoza 7 with the shortest growth period(164 d)can be promoted as a preferred early-maturing variety in Qianxinan Prefecture.Zaoza 9 and Liyouza 168 with stable agronomic traits and early-maturing advantage are suitable for planting in Qianxinan Prefeture and the areas with similar climate conditions.Youyanzao 185 and Jiayouzao 701 with moderate plant height,higher effective branches,effective pods per plant and yield can be used as breeding materials for further research and utilization.关键词
甘蓝型油菜/早熟油菜/绵油51/星德油1号/早杂7号/农艺性状/聚类分析/黔西南州Key words
Brassica napus/early-maturing rapeseed/Mianyou 51/Xingdeyou 1/Zaoza 7/agronomic trait/clustering analysis/Qianxinan Prefecture分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王秋,唐德娟,唐榕梓,龙声卫..黔西南州引进75个甘蓝型油菜品种的农艺性状与适应性评价[J].贵州农业科学,2026,54(2):51-60,10.基金项目
2024年省级财政种业发展项目"黔西南州主要粮油作物品种展示评价基地建设"(黔财农[2024]4号) （黔财农[2024]4号）
黔西南州科技计划项目"油菜两改三适两抗高效栽培技术研究与示范"(2024-14州科合支撑) （2024-14州科合支撑）
