环境工程学报2026，Vol.20Issue(1)：105-119,15.DOI:10.12030/j.cjee.202504127
磷石膏中特征污染物溶出的原位控制及浸提液对苜蓿萌发的影响
In-situ control of characteristic pollutant release from phosphogypsum and leachate effects on alfalfa germination
摘要
Abstract
Total phosphorus(TP)and fluoride(F−),as characteristic pollutants in phosphogypsum(PG)stockpile leachates,are continuously released through rainfall and surface runoff erosion.Together with hydrogen ions(H+),they form highly acidic and toxic effluent,which significantly contributes to the environmental degradation of PG stockpiles and surrounding ecosystems.Achieving in-situ control of pollutant release while simultaneously improving plant growth conditions has become an urgent challenge in PG stockpile remediation.This study investigated a typical large-scale open-air PG stockpile in Guizhou Province,employing two calcium-based inorganic passivation combinations(CaCO3/Ca(OH)2 and CaCl2/Ca(OH)2)combined with organic amendment(brewing sludge)at low addition rates(1%～3%w/w).The systems were evaluated for in-situ control efficiency of characteristic pollutants in leachates,and effects on pioneer plant(Medicago sativa L.)seed germination and seedling antioxidant enzyme activities.Results demonstrated that minimal amendment addition significantly suppressed TP(99%reduction)and F−(93%～95%reduction)release(P<0.05),while stabilizing leachate pH at 6～9.Treated leachates enhanced alfalfa germination parameters(GR,GE,GI,SVI)and antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,POD,CAT).Sequential extraction revealed transformation mechanisms:water-extractable P(42%)and bioavailable F(50%)were converted into Ca-bound P(65%～80%)and residual F(76%～88%)through excess Ca2+availability.This speciation shift effectively immobilized pollutants within PG matrix,reducing phytotoxicity.The findings provide theoretical support for in-situ contaminant immobilization and soilless ecological restoration of open-air PG stockpiles.关键词
磷石膏/特征污染物/复合钝化改良材料/紫花苜蓿/浸提液/溶出原位控制Key words
phosphogypsum/characteristic pollutants/composite passivation-amendment materials/alfalfa/leachate/in-situ dissolution control分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
李夏琳,吴永贵,薛蓉杰,鲁鸿霈,强一彬,罗有发,梁婉,马幸..磷石膏中特征污染物溶出的原位控制及浸提液对苜蓿萌发的影响[J].环境工程学报,2026,20(1):105-119,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(521600132) （521600132）
贵州省百层次人才项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]6002-2) （黔科合平台人才[2020]6002-2）
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科中引地[2022]4022) （黔科中引地[2022]4022）
国惠集团-贵州大学技术研发项目(惠[2018]0801) （惠[2018]0801）
