华南农业大学学报2026，Vol.47Issue(2)：264-272,9.DOI:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202510036
多极端降雨年份华南早晚季兼用型水稻产量和品质响应特征及稳定性
Response characteristic and stability of yield,quality for early and late season rice in South China under extreme rainfall years
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the characteristics and stabilities of yield and quality for early and late season rice in South China during years with extreme rainfall,explore their relationship with meteorological factors,screen for climate-resilient rice varieties,and provide a theoretical foundation for the stable and high-yield cultivation of rice that are resistant to adverse conditions in the region.[Method]Eighteen indica rice varieties were planted in both early and late seasons at the Baiyun Experimental Base of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Using a randomized block design,yield and quality traits were measured and their correlations with meteorological factors were analyzed to evaluate the response degree of double season rice growth and development to meteorological factors.[Result]The yield of early rice showed significant negative correlations with both the diurnal temperature range and solar radiation amount during the vegetative growth period(P<0.05),while the eating quality showed a significant positive correlation with rainfall during the reproductive growth period.The head rice rate of late rice showed highly significant negative correlations with daily maximum and minimum temperatures during reproductive growth(P<0.01),while chalky grain rate exhibited significant and highly significant positive correlations with daily maximum temperature and minimum temperature,respectively.The stability of head rice rate,chalky grain rate,and yield all correlated with temperature during the reproductive growth period.Specifically,daily maximum and minimum temperatures in the early season might govern head rice yield stability,while in the late season,they influenced chalky grain rate,and the diurnal temperature range determined yield stability.This trial identified five high-yield,stable varieties suitable for both early and late seasons,i.e.'Liuxiangyou 908''Guangtaiyou 816''Wuyou 308''Huangguanghuazhan No.2'and'Taifengyou 208'.Early season yields ranged from 6 681.63 to 7 378.59 kg·hm-2,while late season yields reached 7 901.47 to 8 439.52 kg·hm-2.[Conclusion]The temperature during the reproductive period in extreme rainfall years may be a key factor leading to unstable yield and quality of early and late season rice in South China.Hence,utilizing high-yield,stable varieties adapted to both seasons,constitutes a key strategy to achieve large-scale production stability under extreme rainfall conditions.关键词
双季稻/产量/品质/稳定性/高产稳产/气候韧性Key words
Double season rice/Yield/Quality/Stability/High and stable yield/Climate resilience分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
彭菁菁,潘俊峰,汪家凯,李妹娟,顾海永,胡香玉,胡锐,梁开明,傅友强,康子硕..多极端降雨年份华南早晚季兼用型水稻产量和品质响应特征及稳定性[J].华南农业大学学报,2026,47(2):264-272,9.基金项目
广东省农业科学院国际合作培育专项(GHZX2025-XZ03) （GHZX2025-XZ03）
广东省农业科学院水稻研究所"优谷计划"项目(2024YG02) （2024YG02）
广东省现代农业产业技术体系水稻创新团队项目(2024CXTD05) （2024CXTD05）
