兰州大学学报（医学版）2026，Vol.52Issue(1)：8-14,22,8.DOI:10.13885/j.issn.2097-681X.T20260005
神经系统疾病饮食干预:从"脑先/体先"到代谢-表观-免疫-肠-脑轴整合模型
Dietary interventions in neurological disorders:an integrative framework of the brain-first/body-first etiology,systemic metab-olism-epigenome-immunity network and gut-brain axis
摘要
Abstract
Neurological disorders represent a major and growing global health burden,for which conventional pharmacotherapies often have limited efficacy and notable side effects.Dietary intervention has thus gained prominence as a viable,non-invasive,and accessible adjunctive strategy.This review proposed a novel integra-tive framework to decipher the multisystem mechanisms of diet.We posited that dietary influences converge through two interconnected pathways:a direct central modulation of the intracerebral metabolism-epigenome-immunity network,and a peripheral-to-central signaling route via the gut-brain axis.This article tried to come up with a first synthesis of the"brain-first"and"body-first"etiological models with the systemic metabo-lism-epigenome-immunity network and gut-brain axis mechanisms,constructing a unified paradigm that bridges central and peripheral pathophysiology.Grounded in this framework,we critically evaluated the roles of specific dietary components(e.g.,polyphenols,ω-3 fatty acids,pre/probiotics)and holistic dietary patterns(e.g.,Mediterranean diet,ketogenic diet,intermittent fasting),elucidating their distinct yet complementary sites of action within the proposed network.We further identified persistent challenges in mechanistic delinea-tion,protocol standardization and personalization of interventions.Looking forward,we highlighted the trans-formative potential of multi-omics technologies,precision nutrition,and interdisciplinary convergence in translating this integrated model into tailored,evidence-based dietary strategies.This theoretical synthesis not only offers a cohesive lens via which to understand the pleiotropic actions of diet in neurology but also pro-vides a foundational road-map for advancing personalized nutritional neuroscience from bench to bedside.关键词
神经系统疾病/饮食干预/肠-脑轴/代谢-表观-免疫网络/脑先/体先理论/营养神经科学Key words
neurological disorders/dietary intervention/gut-brain axis/metabolism-epigenome-immunity net-work/brain-first/body-first theory/nutritional neuroscience分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
樊屹殊,毛小元,印遇龙..神经系统疾病饮食干预:从"脑先/体先"到代谢-表观-免疫-肠-脑轴整合模型[J].兰州大学学报（医学版）,2026,52(1):8-14,22,8.基金项目
国家生物育种科技重大专项(2023ZD04046) （2023ZD04046）
国家自然科学基金重点项目(32130099) （32130099）
中国博士后科学基金会与湖南省联合资助(2025T021HN) （2025T021HN）
