西南医科大学学报2026，Vol.49Issue(2)：174-180,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2026.02.008
基于聚类分析的川南地区HIV/AIDS患者社会心理风险分型及相关因素研究
Psychosocial Risk Typing and Associated Factors among HIV/AIDS Patients in the Southern Sichuan Region:a Cluster Analysis-Based Study
摘要
Abstract
Objective Focusing on human immunodeficiency virus(HIV/AIDS)patients in southern Sichuan,this study explores the clustering characteristics of their social support,perceived discrimination,and loneliness through cluster analysis.It also identifies key influencing factors to provide a basis for developing a community-based,precision psychological intervention model.Methods A cross-sectional survey design was adopted.Using multistage stratified random sampling,HIV/AIDS patients in southern Sichuan Province were surveyed with questionnaires.The research instruments included a general information and sexual behavior ques-tionnaire,the UCLA Loneliness Scale,the Brief Perceived Discrimination Scale,and the Social Support Rating Scale.K-means clus-tering method in SPSS 27.0 was used to identify potential categories.Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore category differences and influencing factors.Results Among the 396 valid questionnaires,the average age of patients was(59.01±12.96)years,with 261 being male(65.9%).Cluster analysis identified three subgroups:low social support-low discrimination-low loneliness(27.8%),low social support-high discrimination-high loneliness(45.0%),and high social support-low discrimination-low loneliness(27.2%).Multivariate analysis showed that compared to the high social support-low discrimination-low loneliness group,living alone(OR=5.058,95%CI:1.249～20.483)and having no personal income(OR=7.831,95%CI:1.192～51.446)significantly increased the risk of being in the low social support-low discrimination-low loneliness group.Being married/cohabiting(OR=0.152,95%CI:0.037～0.626),living with children(OR=0.218,95%CI:0.048～0.996),and exercising≥3 hours/week(OR=0.467,95%CI:0.265～0.823)reduced the risk of being in the low social support-high discrimination-high loneli-ness group.Post-diagnosis sexual contact with commercial sex partners(OR=13.894,95%CI:1.677～115.113)was a significant risk factor for this group.Conclusion Cluster analysis reveals the heterogeneity of psychological health risks among HIV/AIDS patients in southern Sichuan.Those with low social support,high discrimination,and high loneliness face significant psychological crises and require priority intervention.Living alone,having no income,and engaging in risky sexual behaviour are key factors influencing patients'classification into different mental health risk groups.关键词
艾滋病/孤独感/歧视感知/社会支持/聚类分析/心理健康Key words
Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV/AIDS)/Loneliness/Perceived discrimination/Social support/Cluster analysis/Mental health分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
陈金玉,范颂,陈润,陈小雪,李爱玲..基于聚类分析的川南地区HIV/AIDS患者社会心理风险分型及相关因素研究[J].西南医科大学学报,2026,49(2):174-180,7.基金项目
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金西部和边疆地区项目(24XJCZH002) （24XJCZH002）
