天然气工业2026，Vol.46Issue(2)：56-67,12.DOI:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2026.02.006
页岩油气增强型体积压裂成缝机制和关键技术
Mechanisms and key technologies of enhanced volume fracturing for shale oil/gas reservoirs
摘要
Abstract
There are abundant shale oil and gas resources in China,but the geological and engineering conditions are complex.Existing fracturing technologies are mainly applicable to brittle shales with natural fractures and small stress differences,exhibiting limited adaptability,significant production fluctuations,low proven rates,and great difficulty for benefit development.Focusing on the fundamental development characteristics of weak-plane structures such as bedding and lamination in shale formations,this paper clarifies the fracture formation mechanisms in the reservoirs with micro-scale weak planes developed,proposes a production enhancement principle centered on"regulating net pressure to the critical fracturing pressure of weak planes",and develops enhanced shale oil/gas volume fracturing technologies with"stepwise pumping rate,near-wellbore fractures control for more far-wellbore fractures propagation stimulation"technique and efficient variable-viscosity slickwater based fracturing fluid system as the core.The following results are obtained.First,the precise regulation of net pressure to fracture weak planes such as bedding can significantly expand effective stimulated reservoir volume,and enhance fracture complexity,so as to achieve production multiplication and technical-economic resilience improvement.Second,the"stepwise pumping rate,near-wellbore fractures control for more far-wellbore fractures propagation stimulation"technique can effectively deal with the challenges to brittle shale,such as difficult fracture propagation in far-wellbore zones,excessive complexity near the wellbore,and casing deformation,thereby increasing well-controlled reserve producing degree.Third,the innovative technical system characterized by"fracturing bedding to promote complexity,controlling near-wellbore fractures for more long far-wellbore fractures propagation,and boosting production by variable-viscosity slickwater and ESRV expansion"has been widely applied,showcasing China's efficient development capabilities of Estimated Ultimate Recovery(EUR)(2-3)×108 m3 for shale gas and(3-5)×104 t for shale oil per kilometer horizontal sections.In conclusion,the innovative implementation of the efficient variable-viscosity slickwater based enhanced volume fracturing technology based on shale fracturing mechanisms and control methods is crucial to the breakthrough in shale oil and gas production in China,and provides fundamental theoretical basis and technical pathways for advancing shale oil and gas revolution.关键词
页岩油气/体积压裂/增强/产量倍增/成缝机制/变黏滑溜水Key words
Shale oil and gas/Volume fracturing/Enhancement/Production multiplication/Fracturing mechanism/Variable-viscosity slickwater分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
贾长贵,郭旭升,黄东,沈子齐..页岩油气增强型体积压裂成缝机制和关键技术[J].天然气工业,2026,46(2):56-67,12.基金项目
中国石油化工股份有限公司科技攻关课题"湖相页岩气体积压裂关键技术研究"(编号:P19025-1)、"四川盆地侏罗系页岩凝析气藏压裂关键技术"(编号:P22043)、"页岩气网络压裂机理及设计方法研究"(编号:P11013)、"页岩气井动态ESRV地质工程一体化评估技术"(编号:P25016-1),中国石油化工股份有限公司先导试验项目"涪陵地区页岩气压裂技术设计方案优化研究"(编号:YTXD-PT1308D). （编号:P19025-1）
