生态环境学报2026，Vol.35Issue(3)：378-392,15.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.03.005
江苏典型淡水鱼类养殖尾水抗生素污染特征、生态风险及其与环境理化因子相关性
Pollution Characteristics,and Ecological Risk of Antibiotics,and Correlation Analysis between Antibiotics and Physical-Chemical Parameters in Typical Freshwater Fish Aquaculture Wastewater in Jiangsu Province,China
摘要
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used in aquaculture to promote growth and prevent disease.Antibiotic pollution has attracted growing concerns,due to their extensive presence in the environment.In order to understand the distribution and occurrence features of antibiotics in typical freshwater fish aquaculture wastewater in Jiangsu province.The present study investigated the concentrations,and spatial distributions of 42 types of antibiotics in 6 categories by solid-phase extraction pretreating-liquid mass spectrometry method.The ecological risks of antibiotics in the study areas,and their correlation with environmental factors were also evaluated.The results showed that a total of 27 antibiotics in 5 categories were detected,and Enrofloxacin,Florfenicol,Clindamycin and Norfloxacin were detected with high detection rates and concentrations.The detection concentration of antibiotics at different sampling sites was quite different,and the detection concentrations of antibiotics at WJ and JS sampling sites were significantly higher than those at other sampling sites.For each single antibiotic,high-risk and medium-risk accounted for 28.0%,mainly Clarithromycin,Ivermectin and Abamectin,and for each single class of antibiotics,Macrolides at all sampling sites were high-risk,and Fluoroquinolone was high-risk or close to high-risk.Further Pearson correlation analysis showed that TDS,EC,DO,TP,TN,NH4+-N,NO3--N,TOC,BOD5 and IMn were significantly correlated with some antibiotics,such as Clarithromycin,Ivermectin,Abamectin,Sulfamethoxazole,Sulfachloropyridazine,Enrofloxacin,Ciprofloxacin,Ofloxacin,and Florfenicol.Attention should be paid to the residual contamination of antibiotics and its ecological risks in the wastewater of freshwater fish aquaculture(especially the Parabramis pekinensis).This study offers basic data and scientific basis for the standardized scientific use and risk prevention of antibiotics in freshwater fish farms in Jiangsu,as well as the safe discharge of aquaculture wastewater.关键词
淡水鱼类/养殖尾水/抗生素/污染特征/生态风险/环境因子Key words
freshwater fish/aquaculture wastewater/antibiotics/pollution characteristics/ecological risk/physical-chemical parameters分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
刘崇万,朱晓华,王明华,徐志华,任娣,杨洪生,万金娟..江苏典型淡水鱼类养殖尾水抗生素污染特征、生态风险及其与环境理化因子相关性[J].生态环境学报,2026,35(3):378-392,15.基金项目
国家特色淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-46)南京综合试验站项目 （CARS-46）
江苏省级农产品质量安全专项风险监测(水产品)(2024-SJ-046) （水产品）
江苏渔业生态与资源监测(2024-SJ-101) （2024-SJ-101）
