同济大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.54Issue(3)：385-395,402,12.DOI:10.11908/j.issn.0253-374x.24365
长大坡道紧急制动工况下货车车轮踏面温升和热应力影响规律研究
Temperature and Thermal Stress Behavior of Freight Wagon Wheel Tread Under Emergency Brake Conditions for Long Downhill Ramps
摘要
Abstract
A two-dimensional tread braking thermo-mechanical coupled finite-element mathematical model is established that balances computational accuracy and efficiency,integrating the high accuracy of strong thermo-mechanical coupling with the high efficiency of weak coupling.The effects of track gradient,vehicle load and axle load,initial emergency-braking speed,emergency-braking deceleration,and ambient temperature on the maximum tread temperature and peak thermal stress of the wheel are investigated.The results show that for every 3 ‰ increase in track gradient,the maximum wheel-tread temperature increases linearly by approximately 4.15 ℃,while the maximum thermal stress increases linearly by about 8.18 MPa.For each 1 t increase in axle load,the maximum temperature increases linearly by approximately 7.19 ℃ and the maximum thermal stress by about 14.29 MPa.For every 10 km·h⁻¹ increase in initial braking speed,the maximum temperature increases approximately linearly by about 31.21 ℃ and the maximum thermal stress by about 59.77 MPa;meanwhile,the time required to reach the maximum temperature and stress increases nonlinearly with speed.When the deceleration increases by 0.2 m·s⁻²,the maximum temperature increases approximately linearly by about 16.12 ℃ and the maximum thermal stress by about 31.67 MPa,while the time to reach the maximum temperature decreases nonlinearly.As ambient temperature decreases,the maximum tread temperature shows a downward trend,whereas its influence on the maximum thermal stress is relatively small.These findings provide quantitative data support and technical reference for thermal safety evaluation and optimized design of train operations on long and steep gradients.关键词
长大坡道/货车/紧急制动/踏面温度/热应力/参数影响Key words
long downhill ramp/freight car/emergency braking/tread temperature/thermal stress/parameter influence分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
张金玉,左建勇,温泽峰,丁景贤..长大坡道紧急制动工况下货车车轮踏面温升和热应力影响规律研究[J].同济大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,54(3):385-395,402,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(62273258) （62273258）
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重点课题(N2024J012) （N2024J012）
