信号处理2026，Vol.42Issue(2)：158-170,13.DOI:10.12466/xhcl.2026.02.004
多基站协作的联合无人机定位与通信波束预测
Joint UAV Localization and Communication Beam Prediction with Cooperative Multibase Station
摘要
Abstract
The ever-expanding applications of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have made ensuring low-altitude air-space security and providing reliable communications support for cooperative UAVs a critical challenge.Traditional UAV surveillance technologies,such as radar,radio frequency,and acoustic monitoring,exhibit inherent limitations in deployment cost and coverage range.To address these challenges,integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)tech-nology offers a new avenue for UAV surveillance,leveraging the advantage of reusing the existing communications in-frastructure.This paper focused on the precise three-dimensional(3D)localization,velocity estimation,and dynamic communication link optimization of low-altitude UAVs.Specifically,a multibase station(BS)collaborative method was proposed for joint localization and communication beam prediction.First,at the single-BS signal processing level,we performed parallel factor decomposition on the high-dimensional received signal tensor to obtain preliminary esti-mates of UAV parameters,including range,angle,and Doppler shift.Then,to jointly utilize observational data from different BSs,a multitarget association strategy based on the spatial proximity criterion was designed.This strategy com-bined the consistency of the UAV target's 3D position with the inherent automatic parameter pairing property of single-BS tensor decomposition,which enabled the association of velocity information from different BSs and the calculation of the 3D velocity vector of the UAV target.Finally,to optimize the communication link,a dynamic beamforming mechanism based on motion state prediction was proposed.This mechanism enabled precise beam steering by continu-ously predicting the 3D position of the UAV,thereby enhancing the communication link quality between the BS and high-speed UAV.Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed method achieved high UAV localization accuracy and significantly enhanced communication performance through multi-BS collaborative dynamic beamforming.关键词
无人机定位/通信感知一体化/动态波束形成/多基站协作Key words
UAV localization/integrated sensing and communication/dynamic beamforming/multi-base station cooperation分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
林鹿宁,周成伟,郑航,望明星,王宁,史治国..多基站协作的联合无人机定位与通信波束预测[J].信号处理,2026,42(2):158-170,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(62401503,U21A20456,62531016) （62401503,U21A20456,62531016）
浙江省杰出青年科学基金项目(LR26F010001) The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62401503,U21A20456,62531016) （LR26F010001）
Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR26F010001) （LR26F010001）
