西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.54Issue(3)：19-34,16.DOI:10.13207/j.jnwafu.2026.03.003
25个观赏海棠品种的引种适应性和观赏价值评价
Introduction adaptability and ornamental value evaluation of 25 ornamental crabapple varieties
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This research aimed to study the growth status and flowering characteristics of different varieties of ornamental crabapple introduced to Zhengzhou,Henan province,and evaluate their or-namental value,to screen out excellent flowering varieties suitable for widespread cultivation locally.[Method]25 varieties of ornamental crabapple trees at the age of 5 to 6 years were selected for introduc-tion trials in the Zhengzhou area.The growth potential of different crabapple varieties was determined by comparing data such as plant height,branch height and primary branch angle.The adaptability of the orna-mental crabapple was judged by observing the spring germination and flowering phenology.The flower morphology characteristics of ornamental crabapple were compared by observing the flower diameter,flo-wer shape and flower quantity.The color change of the flowers during the four flowering periods of the or-namental crabapple was analyzed by the RHSCC color comparison card combined with a colorimeter.Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process,eight evaluation factors including flowering period,initial flowering stage,flower color,flower quantity,flower shape,plant height,tree form,and growth vigor were used to evaluate the introduction adaptability and ornamental value of 25 ornamental crabapples.[Result]25 varie-ties of ornamental crabapple were able to grow normally in the Zhengzhou area after introduction.Except for Malus'Rudolph',which had poor growth potential,the rest of the varieties showed great growth con-dition.There were significant differences in the phenological phases among varieties.Except for Malus'Golden Raindrop',which did not flower in the two years after introduction,and Malus'Cardinal'and Malus'Velvet Pillar',which did not flower in the first year(2022),the rest of the varieties flowered nor-mally.Based on the early flowering stage,the ornamental crabapple varieties could be divided into three groups:early-flowering group(7 varieties),mid-flowering group(12 varieties)and late-flowering group(5 varieties).All the ornamental crabapple entered the peak flowering period from the end of March to the middle of April,and the flowering period in the second year after introduction(2023)was 3 to 5 days lon-ger than that in the first year,with the longest flowering period reaching 23 days.Most of the ornamental crabapple varieties were single flower,and only Malus'Brandy wine'and Malus'Corey'were double flowers.The flower colors in early flowering stage included red,pink and white lines,which gradually be-came lighter as the flowering period progressed.Through the AHP,the introduction adaptability and orna-mental value of the ornamental crabapple were comprehensively evaluated,and Malus'Selkirk'and 3 other ornamental crabapple varieties had a comprehensive score greater than 4,and their grade was deter-mined as level Ⅰ.[Conclusion]Malus'Selkirk',Malus'Evereste',Malus'Royal Beauty',and Malus'Flori-bunda'have vigorous growth,high ornamental value,and good adaptability to the environment of the Zhengzhou area,which can be promoted and cultivated as the main ornamental crabapple varieties in this area.关键词
观赏海棠/引种试验/物候期/观赏特性/适应性/层次分析法Key words
ornamental crabapple/introduction trial/phenology/ornamental characteristics/adaptabili-ty/hierarchical analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
任璞玉,张艳文,胡毅飞,吴晓军,李菲,刘伟超,张开明..25个观赏海棠品种的引种适应性和观赏价值评价[J].西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,54(3):19-34,16.基金项目
河南农业大学、西平县校地合作项目"海棠资源调查研究"(30801928) （30801928）
河南农业大学观赏海棠省级林木种质资源建设项目(30603268) （30603268）
