植物保护学报2026，Vol.53Issue(1)：67-79,13.DOI:10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2026806
大语言模型在植物病虫害智能诊断中应用的研究进展
Research advances in the application of large language models for intelligent diagnosis of plant diseases and insect pests
摘要
Abstract
Plant diseases and pests are major constraints on agricultural production.Traditional diagnos-tic methods relying on manual visual inspection and expert experience are often characterized by low efficiency and inconsistent standards.Large language models(LLMs),with their powerful capabilities in language understanding,knowledge integration,and reasoning,offer new approaches for developing intelligent diagnostic systems for plant diseases and insect pests.This paper systematically reviews the technical foundations and recent developments of large language models,retrieval-augmented genera-tion(RAG)-based diagnostic methods,applications of multimodal large language models,agent-based diagnostic system architectures,as well as prompt engineering and model fine-tuning techniques.The advantages and limitations of existing studies are analyzed,and future research directions are discussed,with the aim of providing a reference for related research and practical applications.关键词
植物病虫害/大语言模型/检索增强生成/多模态学习/智能体Key words
plant disease and insect pest/large language model/retrieval-augmented generation/multi-modal learning/intelligent agent引用本文复制引用
王惟实,张慧源,朱诗嫣,何雄奎..大语言模型在植物病虫害智能诊断中应用的研究进展[J].植物保护学报,2026,53(1):67-79,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31761133019),国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2001400),国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-28),中国农业大学2115人才培育发展支持计划项目(2115-89052) （31761133019）
