植物营养与肥料学报2026，Vol.32Issue(2)：333-347,15.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2025216
沼液替代氮肥比例对水稻产量品质及温室气体排放的影响
Optimal substitution rate of chemical nitrogen with biogas slurry for high rice yield and quality with reduced greenhouse gas emissions
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]The effects of substituting chemical nitrogen fertilizer with different proportions of biogas slurry on rice yield,quality,soil heavy metal pollution,soil fertility and greenhouse gas emissions were studied,so as to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the optimal substitution ratio for biogas slurry application in paddy fields and to provide a theoretical basis for its clean and safe utilization.[Methods]A four-year field experiment(2021-2024)was conducted at the Yingshang Experimental Station of the National Agricultural Green Development Long-term Fixed Observation Network in Fuyang City,Anhui Province,China.Six treatments were established:no nitrogen application(PK),full chemical fertilizer application(NPK),and biogas slurry substituting 25%,50%,75%,or 100%of chemical nitrogen fertilizer(denoted as 25%BS,50%BS,75%BS,and 100%BS,respectively).During the rice growing seasons,greenhouse gas emissions were monitored regularly,and cumulative emissions and global warming potential(GWP)were calculated.After harvest each year,rice yield,grain processing quality,soil physicochemical properties,and nitrogen use efficiency were determined.The optimal substitution ratio was estimated using a Gaussian curve model.[Results]Compared with the NPK treatment,the 25%BS treatment increased rice yield,primarily by increasing panicle number per unit area and grain number per panicle.It also improved processing quality,including brown rice rate,milled rice rate,and head rice rate.As the substitution rate of slurry increased,soil pH showed a downward trend,while soil total N,available P,available K,and organic matter contents increased.The soil fertility index under biogas slurry treatments was higher than that under the NPK treatment.Under the 25%BS treatment,the soil As content decreased significantly by 26.7%compared with the NPK treatment.Regarding greenhouse gas emissions,the biogas slurry treatments reduced cumulative N2O emissions compared to the NPK treatment,but significantly increased cumulative CH 4 and CO2 emissions,with emissions rising as the nitrogen substitution ratio increased.The nitrogen fertilizer uptake efficiency of the 25%BS treatment was higher than that of the NPK treatment,and the agronomic utilization rate also improved.[Conclusions]Substitution for 25%-50%of chemical fertilizer nitrogen with biogas slurry demonstrates a significant effect on increasing rice yield and processing quality,improving soil fertility,and reducing greenhouse gas emission and heavy metal contents in soil.The optimal nitrogen fertilizer input is 134.5 kg/hm2,with the substitution rate of biogas slurry of 25.27%,fitted using the Gauss curve in the tested area.关键词
水稻/沼液/产量/品质/土壤肥力/温室气体排放Key words
rice/biogas slurry/yield/quality/soil fertility/greenhouse gas emissions引用本文复制引用
陈家远,黄建,孟旭升,刘茗,贾倍倍,姚娜,王敏,王冠军,郭世伟..沼液替代氮肥比例对水稻产量品质及温室气体排放的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2026,32(2):333-347,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1901100) （2023YFD1901100）
农业绿色技术长期固定观测试验站指导、监管与数据集成项目(06230020). （06230020）
