储能科学与技术2026，Vol.15Issue(3)：806-816,11.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.1003
热泵与电加热耦合的卡诺电池电转热过程建模与性能研究
Modeling and performance study of the electricity-to-heat process in a Carnot battery coupled with a heat pump and electric heating
摘要
Abstract
This study aims to improve the peak-shaving capabilities of power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy by exploring the flexible retrofitting of thermal power units.We develop a model for the electricity-to-heat conversion process in a Carnot battery integrated with a heat pump and electric heating.The thermodynamic performance of the system is analyzed under various coupling configurations.A steady-state thermodynamic model utilizing an air working fluid reverse Brayton cycle is constructed using Aspen HYSYS.We systematically evaluate the operating characteristics and performance differences of two coupling types:series and parallel.In the series configuration,we examine three arrangements of the electric heater:before the compressor,after the compressor,and after the heat exchanger.Results show that in the system without recuperation,optimal performance is achieved when the electric heater is positioned after the compressor,yielding a maximum coefficient of performance(COP)of 2.065.In the recuperated system,the best configuration is with the electric heater positioned after the molten salt heat exchanger,which yields a maximum COP of 1.292.In addition,we develop two parallel system models:a dual heat pump parallel system and a heat pump-electric heater parallel system.The results reveal that the dual heat pump system provides higher heat output under rated load conditions,whereas the heat pump-electric heater parallel system shows a more significant increase in energy efficiency under part-load conditions,with the COP increasing from 1.182 to 1.230 as input power decreases,thus demonstrating excellent operational flexibility.Our comprehensive analysis shows that the coupling configuration between electric heating and the heat pump significantly affects energy-grade matching and system efficiency.More specifically,tight coupling enhances synergistic performance,whereas decoupled designs promote stable and efficient operation in complex systems.This study elucidates the key mechanisms and optimization pathways for heat pump-electric heating synergy,offering theoretical support for the flexible retrofitting of thermal power units and the engineering application of Carnot battery energy storage systems.关键词
卡诺电池/热泵/电加热/耦合模型/热力学分析Key words
Carnot battery/heat pump/electric heating/coupling model/thermodynamic analysis分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
王天堃,殷文兴,邢刚,韩小寒,王志得,乔永辉..热泵与电加热耦合的卡诺电池电转热过程建模与性能研究[J].储能科学与技术,2026,15(3):806-816,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52406195). （52406195）
