国际论坛2026，Vol.28Issue(2)：97-114,18.DOI:10.13549/j.cnki.cn11-3959/d.2026.02.006
欧盟绿色能源政策的演进逻辑:动因、特点与前景
The Evolutionary Logic of the EU's Green Energy Policy:Drivers,Characteristics,and Prospects
摘要
Abstract
Energy has long constituted a crucial component of national security and international rivalry.In recent years,major powers have been actively formulating relevant industrial and trade policies to secure their advantageous positions in energy competitions.Within the current landscape,the European Union plays a distinctive role.On one hand,it has long been a frontrunner in energy and environmental performance,granting it a first-mover advantage in shaping rules and standards.On the other hand,due to insufficient energy foundations,the EU finds itself under severe challenges in great-power energy competition.Driven by three factors-compensating for deficiencies in energy foundations,serving its foreign and security strategies,and shaping market and institutional advantages.At present,the EU emphasizes security and strategic autonomy in energy industry competition and seeks to enhance the synergies of green development goal through multiple categories of measures.However,constrained by disagreements among member states over the energy transition,challenges in policy implementation and enforcement,and the rightward shift of European politics,the practice of EU's energy policy increasingly exhibits a characteristic of being"green yet not powerful."Against the backdrop of Donald Trump's return to power,the U.S.government is further undermining the multilateral framework of global climate governance,and has undertaken a systemic adjustment of its own energy security strategy.This will damage the previously established transatlantic energy cooperation between the U.S.and Europe,while rising internal governance tensions within the EU are limiting its momentum for further green development,posing ongoing challenges to its participation in global energy competition.关键词
大国竞争/绿色能源/产业竞争/政策演进/能源安全Key words
great-power competition/green energy/industrial competition/policy evolution/energy security分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
徐沁仪,王雲霖..欧盟绿色能源政策的演进逻辑:动因、特点与前景[J].国际论坛,2026,28(2):97-114,18.基金项目
本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目"世界重点国家的安全理论与实践比较研究"(项目号:24&ZD295)和北京市社会科学基金青年项目"美欧对华新能源政策变化趋势及中国的应对研究"(项目号:24ZGC0087)的阶段性成果. （项目号:24&ZD295）
