广东农业科学2026，Vol.53Issue(1)：48-57,10.DOI:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2026.01.005
兼治烟草黑胫病和青枯病的复配药剂筛选
Screening of Compound Fungicides for Simultaneous Control of Tobacco Black Shank and Bacterial wilt
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Tobacco black shank caused by Phytophthora nicotianae and bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum are important soil-borne diseases in tobacco,sometimes occurring in combination.Screening for efficient fungicide combinations that inhibit both P.nicotianae and R.solanacearum can provide an applied basis for developing compound formulations to simultaneously control both diseases.[Method]The minimum inhibitory concentration method,mycelial growth rate method,and turbidimetric method were used to determine the in vitro inhibitory activity of nine tested fungicides,including tetramycin against P.nicotianae and R.solanacearum.Compound combinations with strong activity and synergistic effects were screened,and their control efficacy against tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt was further verified through pot experiments.[Result]Among the tested fungicides,tetramycin,zhongshengmycin,ethylicin,and metalaxyl·hymexazol(active ingredient mass ratio of metalaxyl to hymexazol fixed at 1∶5)showed strong in vitro inhibitory effects against both P.nicotianae and R.solanacearum.Their EC50 values against P.nicotianae were 0.2567,46.7807,37.1316,and 4.2416 µg/mL,and against R.solanacearum were 0.0293,2.8050,0.7321,and 34.6220 µg/mL,respectively.Further,tetramycin and ethylicin were compounded with metalaxyl·hymexazol,respectively.The results showed that the mixtures of tetramycin with metalaxyl·hymexazol(active ingredient mass ratio of 1∶20)and ethylicin with metalaxyl·hymexazol(active ingredient mass ratio of 5∶2)exhibited good inhibitory effects on P.nicotianae,with inhibition rates of 71.33%and 59.89%,and toxicity ratios of 1.42 and 1.25,respectively,demonstrating synergistic effects.Pot experiments using these combination ratios showed that the control efficacy of the tetramycin+metalaxyl·hymexazol and ethylicin+metalaxyl·hymexazol compound formulations against tobacco black shank reached over 74.28%and 89.96%,respectively,significantly higher than those of tetramycin and ethylicin alone(40.79%and 38.69%,respectively).Their control efficacy against tobacco bacterial wilt reached over 52.52%and 78.72%,respectively,significantly higher than those of tetramycin and metalaxyl·hymexazol(34.46%and 20.26%,respectively).[Conclusion]After being combined with metalaxyl·hymexazol at active ingredient mass ratios of 1∶20 and 5∶2,respectively,tetramycin and ethylicin demonstrated a significant synergistic effect on the inhibition of P.nicotianae and exhibited good control efficacy against tobacco black shank and bacterial wilt in pot experiments.They can be considered as potential chemical combinations for control of multiple soil-borne diseases in tobacco.关键词
烟草黑胫病/烟草青枯病/四霉素/乙蒜素/甲霜•噁霉灵/复配剂/增效作用Key words
tobacco black shank/tobacco bacterial wilt/tetramycin/ethylicin/metalaxyl•hymexazol/compound formulation/synergistic effect分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陶博,卓严航,卢燕回,张得平,何和良,袁高庆..兼治烟草黑胫病和青枯病的复配药剂筛选[J].广东农业科学,2026,53(1):48-57,10.基金项目
中国烟草总公司广西壮族自治区公司科技计划项目(202045000020084) （202045000020084）
