经济与管理研究2026，Vol.47Issue(3)：85-98,14.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2026.03.006
大数据技术能否提升企业供应链效率?
Does the Application of Big Data Technologies Improve Firms'Supply Chain Efficiency?
摘要
Abstract
In the era of the digital economy,big data technologies have emerged as a crucial driver for improving firms'supply chain efficiency.As global supply chain structures grow more complex and external shocks persistently accumulate,enhancing supply chain efficiency has become a vital pathway for firms to maintain stable development.Although existing studies have examined the impact of digital transformation on supply chain performance,systematic research on the mechanisms and causal effects of the application of big data technologies at the firm level remains limited. This paper constructs indicators of firms'application of big data technologies and supply chain efficiency,and identifies the causal relationship between the two using a two-way fixed effects model based on data from A-share listed companies in China between 2010 and 2023.The density of long-distance optical cable lines in the city where the firm was registered in 1995 is selected as an instrumental variable to address potential endogeneity issues,which reflects the initial endowment of historical infrastructure and satisfies the requirement of exogeneity. The empirical results show that the application of big data technologies improves firms'supply chain efficiency.This conclusion remains valid across multiple tests,including the use of instrumental variable and propensity score matching to address endogeneity issues,as well as altering the sample observation period and employing different clustering levels for standard errors.Further mechanism analysis indicates that this positive effect operates through three main paths:first,strengthening innovation resilience to promote knowledge integration and continuous innovation;second,enhancing firms'agile responsiveness to improve real-time perception and rapid reaction to external changes;third,improving operational efficiency to achieve optimized resource allocation and process coordination.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that this enhancement is more pronounced among firms facing lower supply chain disruption risk and supply chain concentration,suggesting that its effectiveness is jointly shaped by firms'operational foundations and supply chain structures. Overall,this paper provides new empirical evidence for understanding the micro-level impact of big data technologies as a strategic factor of production and offers valuable implications for policy design.In general,policy efforts should clarify differentiated digital development paths for various types of firms and improve digital infrastructure and data circulation systems to provide targeted support for digital upgrading under different supply chain risk conditions.At the same time,firms should be guided to optimize innovation resilience,agile responsiveness,and operational efficiency,forming a sustainable digital operating system,and ultimately achieving comprehensive improvements in supply chain efficiency and overall competitiveness.关键词
大数据技术/供应链效率/创新韧性/敏捷响应度/生产经营效率Key words
big data technology/supply chain efficiency/innovation resilience/agile responsiveness/operational efficiency分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
蔡蒙,谢建国..大数据技术能否提升企业供应链效率?[J].经济与管理研究,2026,47(3):85-98,14.基金项目
国家社会科学基金重点项目"全球化与逆全球化问题研究"(24AZD050) （24AZD050）
