节水灌溉Issue(3)：34-41,8.DOI:10.12396/jsgg.2025347
基于功能细根直径分级的北疆棉花节水增产灌溉阈值研究
Research on Water-saving and Yield-increasing Irrigation Thresholds for Cotton in Northern Xinjiang Based on Functional Fine Root Diameter Grading
摘要
Abstract
Drip irrigation under plastic mulch is widely practiced in cotton fields of northern Xinjiang,following the empirical mode of"frequent and light irrigation".However,the lack of quantitative criteria for irrigation frequency and volume has led to shallow root systems,low water use efficiency(WUE),and large interannual yield fluctuations.To address this issue,seven irrigation treatments were established in a typical oasis cotton field in Changji City,and the response thresholds of five fine-root diameter classes(0～4.5 mm)to soil moisture lower limits were systematically quantified using WinRHIZO Pro.The results showed that:① During the bud stage,the 70%field capacity(FC)treatment(F2B)significantly increased the length,surface area,and volume of 0～2.5 mm fine roots by 53.81%,54.80%,and 60.63%,respectively,compared with conventional farmers'practice(CK),while the total irrigation amount decreased by 34.27%.② The seed cotton yield of F2B3(70%FC at both bud and flowering and boll stages)reached 7 154.7 kg/hm2,a significant increase of 32.45%over CK,while WUE increased from 1.56 kg/m3 to 2.78 kg/m3(a 78%improvement).The upper half mean length and breaking strength of fibers increased by 6.92%and 4.93%,respectively.③ Soil moisture content in the 20 cm layer was significantly positively correlated with yield(R=0.85,p<0.05)and boll number per plant(R=0.73,p<0.05),indicating the critical role of surface soil moisture in boll formation,while root indices indirectly influenced yield.A threshold-based irrigation strategy(70%FC at bud and flowering and boll stages+21 high-frequency irrigations)was proposed,providing replicable technical parameters for precision drip irrigation of cotton in arid regions.关键词
北疆棉花/膜下滴灌/灌溉制度/根系形态/细根分级/节水增产Key words
cotton in northern Xinjiang/mulched drip irrigation/irrigation system/root morphology/fine root grading/water-saving and yield-increasing分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孟宁,齐文婷,王航,马晓鹏,王传娟,王建东,王书吉..基于功能细根直径分级的北疆棉花节水增产灌溉阈值研究[J].节水灌溉,2026,(3):34-41,8.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2023B02014-3,2023B02024-1) （2023B02014-3,2023B02024-1）
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ZDRW202417) （CAAS-ZDRW202417）
新疆维吾尔自治区"天池英才"引进计划. （）
