土壤学报2026，Vol.63Issue(1)：265-277,13.DOI:10.11766/trxb202408030317
不同管理措施对太湖流域稻田生产力和磷平衡的影响
Effects of Different Management Measures on Paddy Productivity and Phosphorus Balance in the Taihu Lake Basin
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various phosphorus(P)fertilizer application rates and irrigation methods on rice yield,P uptake,P loss,and P balance in the Taihu Lake Basin.The goal was to optimize nutrient management and mitigate non-point source pollution by assessing the effects of different P levels and water management practices on rice paddies.[Method]A two-year field experiment was conducted with three P application rates(P2O5 0,45,and 90 kg·hm-2)and three irrigation strategies:continuous flooding,mild dryness,and severe dryness.Soil and rice samples were collected at harvest.Soil P fractions were analyzed using sequential extraction,and rice yield and P uptake were measured from grain and straw.Runoff and leachate samples were obtained to assess P loss.[Result]Compared to the control(no P fertilizer),applying P fertilizer increased rice yield by 2.20%to 11.5%.The P2O5 90 kg·hm-2 treatment reduced P agronomic and P use efficiencies by an average of 34.9%and 29.4%,respectively,compared to the application of P2O5 45 kg·hm-2.P application significantly increased the soil Olsen-P and available P fractions(the sum of Resin-P,NaHCO3-Pi,and NaOH-Pi)by 19.1%-62.4%and 36.5%-101%,respectively,while also enhancing P loss from paddy fields by 79.1%to 292%,compared to the control.In addition,the mild and severe dryness strategies significantly reduced P loss,with average decreases of 27.0%and 35.6%,respectively,particularly in runoff,where reductions were 31.5%and 41.3%,compared to flooding.The P2O5 90 kg·hm-2 treatment maintained a P balance for the rice season,while the application of P2O5 45 kg·hm-2 was sufficient to meet rice demands due to the high availability of soil P and Olsen-P higher than 20 mg·kg-1.Structural equation modeling indicated that Olsen-P and NaOH-Pi were the main influencing factors for rice yield,while Resin-P was the main influencing factor of P loss.[Conclusion]Moderate P fertilization at P2O5 45 kg·hm-2 effectively increased rice yield with minimal P loss.Mild dryness irrigation and appropriate P application based on crop P requirements and soil P levels are vital for maximizing crop yields while minimizing P loss.The findings provide a scientific basis for nutrient management in paddy fields and the control of non-point source pollution in the Taihu Lake Basin.关键词
磷肥/灌溉/水稻产量/磷损失/磷平衡Key words
Phosphate fertilizer/Irrigation/Rice yield/Phosphorus loss/Phosphorus balance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陈光蕾,岳珂,袁佳慧,朱毅勇,开雷..不同管理措施对太湖流域稻田生产力和磷平衡的影响[J].土壤学报,2026,63(1):265-277,13.基金项目
江苏省卓越博士后计划(2022ZB533)和黑龙江省博士后资助项目(LBH-Z23266)共同资助 Supported by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(No.2022ZB533)and the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(LBH-Z23266) （2022ZB533）
