新疆农业大学学报2025，Vol.48Issue(6)：531-537,7.DOI:10.20088/j.cnki.jxau.2025.06.010
氮肥滴施和基施在不同质地土壤氮淋溶和迁移的特征研究
Study on the Characteristics of Nitrogen Leaching and Migration under Drip and Basal Fertilization in Soils of Different Textures
摘要
Abstract
In order to investigate the characteristics of nitrogen leaching and migration under nitrogen fer-tilizer drip application and basal application in soils of different textures,this study conducted an indoor soil column simulation experiment and comparatively analyzed the leachate volume,nitrogen concentration,and soil profile nitrogen content in sandy soil,loamy soil,and silty clay soil under the two nitrogen application methods.The results showed that the leachate volume of sandy soil(12 931.5 mL)accounted for 81.64%of the irrigation amount(15 840.0 mL),which was significantly higher than that of loamy soil(70.14%)and silty clay soil(64.43%)(P<0.05),and its total nitrogen leaching proportion(5.0%)was also sig-nificantly higher than that of silty clay soil(2.8%)and loamy soil(1.5%),indicating that sandy soil had a lower capacity to retain nitrogen(P<0.05).In terms of migration patterns,nitrate nitrogen in sandy soil was more prone to migrate to deeper layers(40-60 cm),while loamy and silty clay soils primarily ac-cumulated in the surface layer(0-20 cm);the total nitrogen content in sandy soil from 0 to 100 cm depth was significantly lower than in silty clay and loamy soils(P<0.05).In summary,compared with loamy and silty clay soils,sandy soil has weaker water retention,and nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,and to-tal nitrogen are more easily leached.Nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in sandy soil are more likely to migrate below 20 cm soil depth than in loamy and silty clay soils,and total nitrogen content is lower than the background value.Compared with basal application,drip application significantly reduces the leac-hing of nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,and total nitrogen in soils of all three textures,and mitigates the migration of these nitrogen forms below 40 cm soil depth.关键词
砂质土/土柱/氮淋溶Key words
sandy soil/soil column experiment/nitrogen leaching分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
于泳鑫,李金科,盛建东,刘耘华..氮肥滴施和基施在不同质地土壤氮淋溶和迁移的特征研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,2025,48(6):531-537,7.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A02007-2-4) （2022A02007-2-4）
