摘要
Abstract
To explore the effects of different fertilization methods exert a significant effect on the growth,yield,and quality of flue-cured tobacco,this experiment used the main cultivar Yunyan 99,as the test material and set up 13 treatments(including the control CK)with varying proportions of base fertilizer and topdressing,as well as different times and periods for topdressing.The effects of different fertilization treatments on the field growth period,key agronomic traits,field resistance to tobacco common mosaic disease,e-conomic traits,and the main chemical component content of the middle and upper leaves after curing were systematically studied.The results showed that different fertilization treatments had a significant effect on all indicators.In terms of the growth period,treatment T3(30%of the total fertilizer amount was used as base fertilizer,and 70%was used as topdressing;the topdressing was applied twice,at 7 days and 17 days after transplanting)had the shortest field growth period,lasting 118 days,which was about 2 days earlier than other treatments.In terms of agronomic traits,treatment T3 significantly outperformed other treatments in terms of plant height and stem circumference.Economic trait analysis showed that treatment T3 exhibited the best performance in terms of yield per hectare(2 171.1 kg·hm-2),proportion of high-quality tobacco leaves(56.06%),average price(32.5 yuan·kg-1),and single leaf weight of the middle leaves(13.5 g·leaf-1).In terms of disease resistance,treatment T7(30%of the total fertilizer amount was used as base fertiliz-er,and 70%was used as topdressing,which was applied in three times at 7 days,17 days,and 27 days after transplanting)demon-strated the strongest resistance to tobacco common mosaic disease,with the lowest incidence of diseased plants.Chemical component coordination analysis indicated that treatments T3 and T6 were better for the middle leaves(C3F),while treatments T1,T3,T4,and T11 were superior for the upper leaves(B2F).Under the conditions of this experiment,using a fertilization mode where 30%of the to-tal fertilizer amount was used as base fertilizer and 70%as topdressing,applied twice(7 and 17 days after transplanting)(treatment T3)could effectively shorten the field growth period of flue-cured tobacco,optimize agronomic traits,significantly improve tobacco leaf yield,output value,and appearance quality,and achieve better chemical component coordination in the middle leaves,resulting in the best overall performance.Three-time topdressing(treatment T7)showed better field disease resistance effects.In conclusion,for the Ninglang tobacco-growing area,it is recommended to adopt the fertilization strategy of"emphasizing topdressing in two stages"as the preferred option for producing high-quality tobacco leaves.At the same time,considering the risk of disease occurrence,topdress-ing in three stages may be appropriately considered to enhance resistance.This study provides direct theoretical and practical refer-ences for optimizing the fertilization techniques in this tobacco-growing area.关键词
烤烟/施肥方式/产量/抗病性Key words
flue-cured tobacco/fertilization method/yield/disease resistance分类
农业科技
