西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2026，Vol.46Issue(1)：1-8,8.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202601001
中国式现代化历程:从世界大国到世界强国
The Trajectory of Chinese Modernization:Ascending from a Major Power to the Era of a Global Strong Power
摘要
Abstract
The historical trajectory of Chinese modernization has not only reshaped the nation's developmental path but also emerged as a pivotal variable in restructuring the global political and economic landscape.From the dual dimensions of"macro-history"and"comprehensive national power",this paper bifurcates the evolutionary logic of Chinese modernization since 1949 into four distinct eras:the foundation-laying era of economic growth,the prosperity-driven era of economic take-off,the era of becoming a global economic power,and the current era of accelerating toward a world power through sustained growth.It innovatively constructs an evaluation framework of"national strategic resources"comprising nine categories and utilizes international comparable metrics,specifically Purchasing Power Parity(PPP)(2021 International Dollars),to conduct a comprehensive measurement of China's transition from a"Great Power"to a"Global Power". Empirical research demonstrates that China has achieved a historic catch-up across multiple strategic resource dimensions and is currently in a critical phase of transitioning from quantitative accumulation to qualitative leap.Regarding the economic and capital base,China has long overcome its initial"poverty and blankness"constraints.Measured by PPP,China's GDP accounted for 19.4%of the world total in 2024,approximately 1.31 times that of the U.S.and 1.38 times that of the E.U.Between 2010 and 2024,its contribution to global growth reached 31.8%.With capital resources making up 28.24%of the global total,China has become the world's leading investor,providing a robust material foundation for infrastructure modernization.In terms of core factor endowments,China's human capital(the product of the working-age population and expected years of schooling)has led the world for years,reaching 12.74 billion person-years in 2024,approximately 3.5 times that of the U.S.Simultaneously,China's technological strength has undergone a qualitative transformation,with 7.745 million person-years of R&D personnel and the top global ranking in both the Nature Index and high-value patent applications,signaling a fundamental shift from factor-driven to innovation-driven growth. China demonstrates significant leading advantages in strategic emerging sectors that define future competitiveness.In information resources,China has built the world's largest digital infrastructure,with a digital user base exceeding 4.6 times that of the U.S.In green energy,China has emerged as a global leader in the green transition,accounting for 28.5%of global renewable energy consumption(2.09 times the U.S.level),thereby reshaping the global energy geopolitical landscape.Furthermore,China consistently ranks among the world's top in trade in goods.These data substantiate that China has successfully bypassed the"middle-income trap"and moved toward the center of the global economic stage. On this empirical basis,the paper further elucidates the"1+N"target system(consisting of 16 specific powers and 4"Chinas")established since the 18th National Congress of the CPC.Projections based on potential growth rates during the"15th Five-Year Plan"and"16th Five-Year Plan"periods suggest that by 2035,China's GDP will reach 1.65 times its 2024 level,representing 23.8%of the global share,with R&D intensity exceeding 3.0%.By then,China will have comprehensively built itself into a global power with leading comprehensive national strength.This journey not only validates historical visions but also demonstrates that Chinese modernization offers a new path of self-accumulation and peaceful development that benefits all,contributing a unique"China Model"to 21st-century human civilization.关键词
中国式现代化/综合国力/购买力平价/强国目标体系/国家战略性资源Key words
Chinese modernization/comprehensive national power/purchasing power parity/world power target system/national strategic resources分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
胡鞍钢..中国式现代化历程:从世界大国到世界强国[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2026,46(1):1-8,8.基金项目
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(24JZD007) （24JZD007）
清华大学文科"双高"专项项目(53120600125). （53120600125）
