中国人口·资源与环境2026，Vol.36Issue(1)：89-102,14.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20251012
生命周期视角下全球主要经济体动力电池管理政策对比:启示与借鉴
A comparative analysis of power battery management policies in major global economies from a life cycle perspective:insights and inspirations
摘要
Abstract
As a key technology for global green transformation,power batteries have become a focal area for sustainable management in major economies.An in-depth analysis of power battery management policies in major global economies,as well as their potential im‐pact on China,is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of China's power battery industry.This study constructed a life cy‐cle-based policy analysis framework to systematically review the power battery management policies of major global economies,includ‐ing China,the European Union(EU),the United States,and Japan,from 1990 to 2024.It focused on revealing the panoramic view of China-EU power battery management policies,depicted the chronological change of power battery management policies,compared the regulatory stages and indicators of battery management policies,and revealed the evolutionary characteristics and related policy im‐pacts of the EU's battery regulations.The results showed that there were significant differences in the number of regulations,scope of supervision,and enforcement intensity of power battery management policies among major global economies,reflecting the diversity of their industrial strategies and environmental policies.Specifically,China had a considerable number of policies focusing on the mid‐stream and downstream of the industrial chain with lower regulatory intensity.Furthermore,the EU established a comprehensive life cy‐cle-based policy management system for power batteries,centered on the Regulation on Batteries and Waste Batteries,which exerted a profound influence on the industry.In contrast,the United States and Japan still lacked direct management over power batteries.Addi‐tionally,the EU battery regulations had been continuously evolving,with the regulatory boundary of carbon footprint expanding,gradual‐ly achieving full life cycle supervision from"cradle"to"grave"and back to"cradle."Based on the above research,China should ac‐tively address challenges in areas such as the carbon footprint of power batteries,the circular economy,and battery digital passports,while seizing opportunities to accelerate the transformation of Chinese brands into globally competitive international brands.To this end,the study suggests that efforts should be directed towards accelerating the establishment of carbon footprint standards and data plat‐forms for power batteries,expanding the regulatory scope of power batteries,leading the formulation of international management rules for power batteries,and enhancing the overseas competitiveness of Chinese brands to promote the sustainable development of China's power battery industry.关键词
动力电池/管理政策/生命周期/电动汽车/欧盟电池法Key words
power battery/management policy/life cycle/electric vehicle/EU battery regulation分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
孙锌,董亮,王晨阳,孙露,赵冬昶,王攀,张红杰,刘立涛,王芳,孟凡然..生命周期视角下全球主要经济体动力电池管理政策对比:启示与借鉴[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2026,36(1):89-102,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目"工业园区代谢过程动态解析与减污降碳路径优化研究"(批准号:52500250) （批准号:52500250）
碳排放权交易省部共建创新中心开放基金项目"生命周期视角下汽车动力电池碳足迹研究"(批准号:24CICETS‐ZD013). （批准号:24CICETS‐ZD013）
