铁道科学与工程学报2026，Vol.23Issue(2)：576-587,12.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20250599
高速列车裙板胶条密封性评价与设计优化研究
Research on the sealing performance evaluation and design optimization of skirt panel rubber strip for high-speed trains
摘要
Abstract
To address the inability to quantitatively evaluate the sealing performance of skirt panel rubber strips in high-speed train equipment cabins and the low efficiency of design optimization,a sealing performance evaluation method based on the characteristics of contact mechanics was proposed.Through material property characterization,finite element numerical simulation,and pressure retention test verification,a comprehensive sealing degree evaluation index covering interface contact stress,effective contact area and compression deformation was established.First,the hyperelastic constitutive parameters were obtained through the uniaxial tensile test of the skirt panel rubber strips,and a two-dimensional static model of the rubber strips was constructed.The stress distribution and contact characteristics of single and double rubber strips under compression were simulated and analyzed.Based on the coordinate analysis of the deformation nodes,a dynamic calculation method of the contact area was proposed.The sealing degree quantitative evaluation model was constructed by integrating the contact stress,effective contact area,and nodal normal displacement.Six optimization schemes were designed by adding skirt edges and inner supports to the single rubber strip and improving the meshing structure of the double rubber strips.Through numerical simulation and sealing degree calculation,the sealing degrees of the single and double rubber strip optimization schemes increased by up to 1.73 times and 17.42 times,respectively,as compared with the original rubber strips.Through the 1:1 equipment cabin pressure retention test and the accelerated aging test of the rubber strips,the sealing performance degradation laws of the new and equivalent aged 17-year rubber strips were compared and analyzed.The pressure retention times of the new and aged rubber strips of the optimal scheme are 112.33 s and 54.33 s,which increase by 2.74 times and 2.88 times compared with the worst scheme,respectively.The linear regression determination coefficient R2 of the quantitative index and the pressure retention test results is greater than 0.95,which verifies the high consistency between the theoretical model and the experimental results.The research results provide a new technical path for the performance evaluation and life prediction of high-speed train sealing components,and provide theoretical support for the optimization design of skirt panel rubber strips in high-speed train.关键词
密封胶条/密封度/量化分析/接触应力/变形量/保压试验Key words
sealing rubber strip/sealing degree/quantitative analysis/contact stress/deformation/pressure holding test分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
汤升发,周伟,崔志国,王润蛟,李国超,沈超..高速列车裙板胶条密封性评价与设计优化研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(2):576-587,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB4301200) （2022YFB4301200）
