福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.55Issue(2)：210-219,10.DOI:10.13323/j.cnki.j.fafu(nat.sci.).202504016
不结球白菜耐抽薹种质鉴定及评价
Identification and evaluation of bolting-resistant germplasm of non-heading Chinese cabbage
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Non-heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino)is prone to premature bolting due to low temperatures in early spring or winter cultivation,resulting in a decrease in yield and quality.It is necessary to evaluate and screen germplasms with bolting resistance,to provide theoretical basis and excellent germplasms for Chinese cabbage breeding.[Method]Indoor vernalization test with treatment at 4 ℃ for 30 d,and spring field vernalization test at 2 sowing times(B1 and B2)were conducted on 52 non-heading Chinese cabbage germplasms(50 hybrid germplasms of Z1-Z50 and 2 controls)to determine their bolting traits such as bud stage and flowering stage.Principal component analysis,cluster analysis and membership function method were used to comprehensively evaluate the bolting traits,whose results were further verified by bolting index grading,to in-terpret the influence of accumulated temperature on bolting.[Result]The germplasms were classified into 5 categories of extremely prone to bolting,prone to bolting,moderate resistance to bolting and resistance to bolting by indoor vernalization test.Among them,14 germplasms were identified as resistance while 11 as extremely prone to bolting.In the field vernalization test,the germplasms sown at B2 period had a shorter vernalization time amid significant differences in bolting resistance,among which 14 germplasms were screened out as high resistance.Principal component analysis indicated bud stage as the core evaluation index of bolting trait,with a cumulative contribution rate of 83.569％.The results of membership function method were significantly negatively correlated with those of bolting index classification,which verified the reliability of the 2 methods.The comprehensive scores of bolting resist-ance implied that Z23,Z6,Z40,Z22,Z19,Z5,Z21,Z4,Z13,Z11 had the highest resistance to bolting.[Conclusion]The iden-tification of bolting traits in non-heading Chinese cabbage requires a combination of indoor and spring field vernalization tests,with the budding stage as the main indicator.The hybrid germplasms,such as Z23,Z6 and Z40,are resistant to bolting.In the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province,sowing in late February is most suggested for distinguishing the bolting traits of non-heading Chinese cabbage.关键词
不结球白菜/耐抽薹性/田间春化/室内春化/聚类分析Key words
non-heading Chinese cabbage/bolting tolerance/field vernalization/indoor vernalization/cluster analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
路蓉,金安心,李翠萍,惠麦侠..不结球白菜耐抽薹种质鉴定及评价[J].福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,55(2):210-219,10.基金项目
陕西省农业专项资金项目(2023NYZX-TB1) （2023NYZX-TB1）
西北农林科技大学推广专项(TGZX2023-39、TGZX2024-15) （TGZX2023-39、TGZX2024-15）
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-24-G22). （CARS-24-G22）
