华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.54Issue(3)：135-147,13.DOI:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250168
X射线计算机断层扫描技术在先进材料前沿研究中的应用
Application of X-Ray Computed Tomography in Frontier Research of Advanced Materials
摘要
Abstract
As an advanced non-destructive three-dimensional(3D)imaging and detection technology,X-ray computed tomography(CT)enables the visualization and characterization of the internal structure of samples.This technique operates based on the interaction mechanism between X-rays and matter,collecting signals after X-rays penetrate the sample to form images.Then computer algorithms process the acquired tomographic images to reconstruct a 3D representation of the sample.With advantages such as high-density resolution and convenient digital processing,this technology has achieved significant breakthroughs in fields including medical diagnostics and industrial inspection.This paper focuses on the application of X-ray CT technology in the cutting-edge research field of advanced materials,particularly structural materials and new energy materials.It systematically sorts out the core principles of X-ray CT,including X-ray attenuation,signal conversion and 3D reconstruction.With an emphasis on materials science applications,this paper clarifies the role of CT in defect localization,damage tracking and microstructure quantification through case studies,such as weld defect detection in aerospace components,hidden defect identification in in electronic packaging solder joints,and porosity quantification in additive manufac-turing materials.By examing its applications in studies on lithium-ion battery electrode evolution,fuel cell water management and metal anode dendrite tracking,this paper highlights the function of CT technology in revealing the relationship between material structure and electrochemical performance,optimizing device design and improving safety.Furthermore,this paper summarizes the advantages of CT Technology,including its non-destructiveness nature,3D quantitative capability and dynamic tracking capacity.It also analyzes the bottlenecks such as low efficiency in nanoscale imaging and difficulties in data fusion.Finally,potential pathways for future advancements are proposed,including the development of novel detectors,artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted reconstruction and the integration of multiple complementary techniques.These insights aim to guide the deeper application of CT in enhancing the performance of structural materials and advancing the development of new energy materials.These discussions can provide directions for technological innovation for researchers and contribute to improving China's independent R&D capabilities of high-end detection equipment.关键词
X射线计算机断层扫描/三维成像/检测技术/结构材料/新能源材料Key words
X-ray computed tomography/3D imaging/detection technology/structural materials/new energy materials分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
崔洁,桂艳,张成毅,杨贤锋..X射线计算机断层扫描技术在先进材料前沿研究中的应用[J].华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,54(3):135-147,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0607805)Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF0607805) （2022YFF0607805）
