煤炭转化2026，Vol.49Issue(2)：104-114,11.DOI:10.19726/j.cnki.ebcc.202602010
煤矸石活化利用现状及发展趋势
Current status and development trends in the activation and utilization of coal gangue
摘要
Abstract
The massive discharge and long-term accumulation of coal gangue pose signifi-cant environmental hazards.As a prerequisite for resource utilization,a profound understanding of the current status and development trends of coal gangue activation is essential.This paper reviewed the background and significance of coal gangue activation,outlined common activation methods and their underlying principles,and focused on the extraction of chemical products(alumina(Al2O3),silica(SiO2),iron oxides,and rare metals such as Li,Ga,and Ti)by activation roasting.The research status and progress of related technology are summarized,and the existing problems of coal gangue activation were analyzed.Finally,some suggestions were put forward for the future development direction of coal gangue activation.At present,there are some problems in the activation of coal gangue,such as significant variability in raw materials,low activation ratio,limited economic benefit and secondary pollution.Specifically,the variability of coal gangue raw materials leads to different activation requirements.Research should focus on the main production area of coal gangue,carring out the activation research on high-value elements according to local conditions.The organic coordina-tion between coal gangue accumulation area and surrounding industries should be developed,along with the multi-element and multi-component cascade utilization processes and technologies.For the problem of low activation ratio,the activation method can be combined,activation process can be opti-mized,and the optimal activation ratio can be explored to effectively improve the activation effect.Coal gangue can also be used in conjunction with other solid waste materials to simultaneously improve the activation rate of high-value elements of the two solid wastes.As the activation cost of coal gangue is high,and the economic benefit is low,it is necessary to reduce the activation cost and explore the income of high value-added products.Financial relief,subsidies and other policy supports should be provided by the government,and product performance optimization must be maintained to enhance market recognition.To address the problem of secondary environmental pollution,a whole life cycle green development system for coal gangue should be constructed,covering output,stack-ing,and activation through to the disposal of waste liquid,waste residue and waste gas.关键词
煤矸石/活化/资源化利用/氧化铝/硅Key words
coal gangue/activation/resource utilization/aluminum oxide/silicon分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
田兵,陈亭雨,邱尚锟,闫成祥,苑艺瀚..煤矸石活化利用现状及发展趋势[J].煤炭转化,2026,49(2):104-114,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42262020)和内蒙古自治区教育厅项目(NJZY22445) （42262020）
