中国生态农业学报（中英文）2026，Vol.34Issue(3)：521-533,13.DOI:10.12357/cjea.20250334
磷酸二铵施用量对青稞生长发育特性及产量品质的影响
Effects of diammonium phosphate application rates on growth and development characteristics,yields,and quality of Qingke
摘要
Abstract
The irrational application of diammonium phosphate(DAP)not only leads to resource waste but also affects the normal growth and development,yield,and quality of Qingke in alpine regions.Therefore,optimizing the DAP application rate is crucial for improving the lodging resistance,promoting the growth and development,and ultimately enhancing the yield and quality.The field experiments were conducted with two Qingke varieties—'Kunlun 14'and'Menyuanlianglan'—in Xining,Qinghai,2021-2022.DAP was applied at five levels:150,225,300,375,and 450 kg·hm-2(designated as E1,E2,E3,E4,and E5,respectively).Agronomic traits,grain and straw yields,grain nutritional components,and straw forage characteristics were measured at maturity.The results showed that an appropriate amount of DAP increased the wall thickness,stem diameter,stem weight,and stem strength and pro-moted the lateral stem growth and development,thus improving the lodging resistance and straw yield of Qingke.At the same time,an appropriate amount of DAP promoted the development of roots and spikes,which was conducive to increases in grain number per spike and thousand-grain weight.Consequently,the grain yield was significantly increased,and grain and straw yields reached their highest levels under E3 treatment.Across two years,'Kunlun 14'and'Menyuanlianglan'showed the average grain yields of 4.71 and 4.11 t·hm-2,and the average straw yields of 9.45 and 8.89 t·hm-2,respectively.Moreover,the application ofDAP facilitated starch ac-cumulation in grains and reduced the content of hemicellulose,neutral detergent fiber,and acid detergent fiber in straw,while increas-ing the crude protein content and relative feeding value.Structural equation modeling indicated that DAP had a direct positive effect on straw yield,and grain number per spike,thousand-grain weight,and straw yield had significant positive effects on grain yield.The lodging rate during the grain-filling stage exerted direct negative effects on grain number per spike and thousand-grain weight.In con-clusion,under the conditions of this study,the recommended application rate ofDAP for Qingke is 300-375 kg·hm-2.A moderate re-duction in fertilizer input(conventional reduction of 16.67％-33.33％)can promote the growth and development of Qingke plants and help improve the nutritional value of grains and the quality of straw as feed,being an effective cultivation measure to enhance the yield and quality of Qingke grains and straw.关键词
青稞/磷酸二铵/施肥量/抗倒性/饲草特性Key words
Qingke/diammonium phosphate/fertilizer application rate/lodging resistance/forage characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
肖珊珊,白羿雄,安立昆,姚晓华,姚有华,马晓燕,吴昆仑..磷酸二铵施用量对青稞生长发育特性及产量品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报（中英文）,2026,34(3):521-533,13.基金项目
国家大麦青稞产业技术体系专项(CARS-05)和国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2022YFD2301304-2)资助 This study was supported by the Agriculture Research System of China(CARS-05)and the Sub-project of the National Key Research and Develop-ment Program of China(2022YFD2301304-2). （CARS-05）
