实验技术与管理2026，Vol.43Issue(2)：226-235,10.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2026.02.027
梯度多层结构纤维素纳米纤维基电磁屏蔽复合薄膜的可控构筑及性能表征
Comprehensive experimental design:Controllable construction and property characterization of cellulose nanofiber-based electromagnetic interference shielding composite films with a gradient multilayered structure
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The rapid development of mobile communication technologies and the widespread use of high-frequency,high-speed,and highly integrated electronic equipment have greatly enhanced daily life but have also led to increasingly severe electromagnetic radiation(EMR)pollution.Such undesirable pollution interferes with the normal operation of nearby precision devices and poses a severe threat to human health.High-performance electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have been widely used to effectively address the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation.Among these materials,conductive polymer composites(CPCs)have attracted considerable attention due to their adjustable electromagnetic properties,favorable processability,light weight,low cost,and corrosion resistance.Inspired by current research on EMI shielding and CPCs,a comprehensive experiment was designed to fabricate gradient multilayered cellulose nanofiber(CNF)-based composite films by regulating the distribution of CoFe2O4@MXene and silver nanowires(AgNWs),thereby integrating science and education.The composition,morphology,and EMI shielding performance of the resultant composite films were systematically investigated.[Methods]In this work,structurally controllable CoFe2O4@MXene-AgNWs/CNF composite films were successfully fabricated via facile vacuum-assisted filtration.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns were used to determine the crystal structures of CoFe2O4@MXene and AgNWs.The magnetic performance of the resultant CoFe2O4@MXene and CoFe2O4@MXene/CNF composites was studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer.The electrical conductivity of the prepared CoFe2O4@MXene/CNF films was measured using a four-probe instrument.The morphologies of CoFe2O4@MXene with different ratios and of the gradient multilayered composite films were observed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),along with corresponding elemental mapping images.More importantly,the EMI shielding properties,including SET,SEA,SER,and power coefficients,were thoroughly analyzed using scattering parameters(S11 and S21)collected with a vector network analyzer.[Results]XRD patterns confirmed the successful preparation of CoFe2O4@MXene and AgNWs.Furthermore,SEM images of the CoFe2O4@MXene hybrids revealed that the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were compactly adhered to the surface and interlayers of the accordion-like MXene.SEM images and elemental mapping of the prepared CoFe2O4@MXene-AgNWs/CNF composite films verified the successful construction of a gradient multilayered architecture.The magnetic properties and electrical conductivity of the CoFe2O4@MXene/CNF layers with different CoFe2O4 loadings further demonstrated the formation of the gradient multilayered structure,consistent with the SEM results.The CoFe2O4@MXene-AgNWs/CNF composite films with a gradient multilayered structure simultaneously achieved excellent EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)of 82.9 dB and a low EMR of 2.3 dB at a thickness of only 0.1 mm,representing a dramatic improvement over homogeneous composite films.The considerable enhancement in EMI SE and the substantial reduction in EMR were mainly attributed to the rational arrangement of impedance-matching layers and electromagnetic reflection layers.[Conclusions]The EMI shielding performance of the CoFe2O4@MXene-AgNWs/CNF composite films was optimized through structural regulation and the controlled distribution of electromagnetic functional fillers.The structural advantages and outstanding properties endow the prepared composite films with broad application prospects in electromagnetic protection for next-generation electronic devices.Furthermore,students who underwent full and systematic training enhanced their practical skills and analytical problem-solving abilities through materials synthesis,physical characterization,theoretical parameter testing,and property application,thereby improving their scientific research literacy and independent innovation capacity.关键词
纤维素纳米纤维/电磁屏蔽/低反射/梯度多层结构/综合实验设计Key words
cellulose nanofibers/electromagnetic interference shielding/low reflection/gradient multilayered structure/comprehensive experiment design分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
郭铮铮,任鹏刚,任芳,靳彦岭,刘善慧,陈争艳,伏柏桥..梯度多层结构纤维素纳米纤维基电磁屏蔽复合薄膜的可控构筑及性能表征[J].实验技术与管理,2026,43(2):226-235,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52303104) （52303104）
中国博士后科学基金面上资助(地区专项)项目(2025MD774129) （地区专项）
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2025JC-YBQN-750,2025JC-YBMS-553,2024JC-YBMS-275) （2025JC-YBQN-750,2025JC-YBMS-553,2024JC-YBMS-275）
陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(24JK0568) （24JK0568）
渭南市重点研发计划项目(2024ZDYFJH-767) （2024ZDYFJH-767）
西安市科技计划项目(24GXFW0059) （24GXFW0059）
高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放课题(sklpme2024-1-16) （sklpme2024-1-16）
西安理工大学教育教学改革研究项目(xqj2409,xqj2408,xjy2323) （xqj2409,xqj2408,xjy2323）
西安理工大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目(YJG2024053) （YJG2024053）
西安理工大学实验技术开发基金项目(20-STK201313) （20-STK201313）
西安理工大学博士科研启动经费资助项目(108-451123004) （108-451123004）
