实验技术与管理2026，Vol.43Issue(2)：251-256,6.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2026.02.030
高校实验室大型自制设备安全管理探究
Research on safety management of large-scale self-made equipment in university laboratories
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to address the critical issue of safety management of large-scale self-made equipment in university laboratories.As academic institutions,particularly in applied and industry-focused disciplines such as energy and power engineering,increasingly rely on self-made,highly specialized devices to support cutting-edge research and advanced teaching,significant safety risks emerge due to the lack of standardized design protocols,certification,and lifecycle oversight.The primary objective is to develop a comprehensive,whole-lifecycle safety management framework that systematically mitigates hazards across four key phases:design and manufacturing,installation and commissioning,operation and usage,and decommissioning or scrapping.Furthermore,this study seeks to demonstrate the practical applicability and effectiveness of such a framework through a detailed case study at North China Electric Power University(NCEPU).[Methods]By analyzing the characteristics and management processes of large-scale self-made equipment,this study identifies the aforementioned key phases where safety risks may arise.The research methodology includes a literature review,a comparative analysis of self-made and commercial-off-the-shelf equipment,and case studies of safety management practices at NCEPU.The methodology emphasizes comprehensive safety assessments,risk control measures,and the development of emergency response plans tailored to the unique features of self-made equipment.[Results]The findings reveal that the high customization,complexity,and innovative nature of large-scale self-made equipment pose significant safety risks across all lifecycle phases.Key issues identified include inadequate considerations for safety and environmental factors during the design phase,a lack of professional oversight during manufacturing,insufficient operator training,unclear safety responsibilities,and the absence of clear guidelines for safe handling and response procedures.To address these issues,NCEPU adopts effective strategies,including establishing a robust safety management system,implementing strict supervision during manufacturing,conducting thorough pre-installation safety evaluations,ensuring proper operator training,and developing detailed standard operating procedures.[Conclusion]Effective safety management of large-scale self-made equipment requires a holistic lifecycle perspective that integrates rigorous risk assessment and control measures at each stage.Universities should develop comprehensive safety management systems tailored to their specific needs,incorporating safety standards,regular inspections,and emergency preparedness.The case study of NCEPU illustrates how a proactive safety management framework can significantly enhance the safety and efficiency of laboratory operations involving self-made equipment.Furthermore,leveraging information technology to support the management of self-made equipment can further improve management effectiveness and reliability.This study underscores the importance of continuous improvement and adaptation in safety management practices to align with evolving safety standards and technological advancements.This study advocates for the establishment of unified safety management norms and technical standards for large-scale self-made equipment in universities.Moreover,it emphasizes the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration,regulatory compliance,and continuous education and training for personnel involved in the lifecycle management of such equipment.These efforts can better equip higher education institutions to handle the unique challenges posed by self-made equipment,thereby safeguarding human lives and scientific endeavors.关键词
高校实验室/大型自制设备/安全管理Key words
university laboratory/large-scale self-made equipment/safety management分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
刘钊,朱正茂..高校实验室大型自制设备安全管理探究[J].实验技术与管理,2026,43(2):251-256,6.基金项目
北京市高等教育学会实验室工作研究分会2023年学术研究课题(SYS202306) （SYS202306）
