中国农学通报2026，Vol.42Issue(6)：133-140,8.
基于气象条件的河套灌区向日葵籽粒品质区划
Sunflower Seed Quality Zoning in Hetao Irrigation District Based on Meteorological Conditions
摘要
Abstract
To study the influence of meteorological conditions in the Hetao Irrigation District on the intrinsic quality and the appearance quality of sunflower seed kernels,a staged sowing experiment was adopted.The growth period of sunflowers was recorded.The contents of substances such as linoleic acid and oleic acid in sunflower seed kernels were analyzed,and the rust spot index of sunflower seeds was statistically analyzed.Excel 2010 was used to construct a response model to analyze the key meteorological factors and sensitive periods affecting the quality of sunflowers.The results show that the climatic factors such as water vapor pressure,relative humidity,average daily temperature,sunshine duration,average daily maximum temperature,average daily minimum temperature and precipitation from flowering to maturity are closely related to the content of linoleic acid and oleic acid in sunflower kernels.The influence on linoleic acid shows a parabolic characteristic with the opening downward.The influence on oleic acid and the eating rate of palm borers shows a parabolic characteristic with an upward opening,while the effect on the incidence of seed rust spot disease shows an exponential downward trend.The content of linoleic acid shows a quadratic curve with the sowing date.The content of linoleic acid is the highest when sown from May 31st to June 1st.The incidence index of grain rust spot disease increases exponentially with the extension of the sowing date.The optimal sowing period that takes both into account to achieve the best results is from May 25th to June 2nd.A binary linear equation was established to determine the inflection point by using the temperature,daily range,vapor pressure,relative humidity,sunshine duration,hydrothermal coefficient,precipitation and linoleic acid during the flowering and ripening period.During the flowering period,precipitation,relative humidity and vapor pressure are all negatively correlated with the rust spot occurrence index of sunflowers.With the increase of water and humidity,the number of drought-loving pests(thrips)sharply decreases,and thus the rust spot index also decreases accordingly.In order to facilitate the statistics of intrinsic quality and appearance quality,the two variables were normalized.By using the small grid calculation method and with the help of the Geographic Information System(ArcGIS),the quality zoning of sunflower seeds that takes into account both internal and external aspects was carried out,providing a scientific basis for the rational layout of the Hetao Irrigation District and the adjustment of agricultural structure.关键词
籽仁/亚油酸/籽粒/葵花籽粒锈斑/归一化处理/品质区划Key words
seed kernel/linoleic acid/seeds/sunflower seed rust spot/normalization processing/quality division分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘伟,段晓凤,吴国舟,包佳婧,李淑褀..基于气象条件的河套灌区向日葵籽粒品质区划[J].中国农学通报,2026,42(6):133-140,8.基金项目
中央引导地方科技发展资金"河套向日葵乳熟期冷害指标等级"(2022ZY0145) （2022ZY0145）
内蒙古自然科学基金"河套向日葵主栽品种早霜冻指标研究"(2022MS04017)、"基于多源数据同化的作物模型评估雹灾技术"(2024LHMS04015) （2022MS04017）
内蒙古自治区气象局科技创新项目"向日葵菌核病气象等级预报方法"(nmqxkjcx202435)、"向日葵籽粒锈斑与气象条件关系研究"(nmqxkjcx202536). （nmqxkjcx202435）
