长江科学院院报2026，Vol.43Issue(3)：1-11,11.DOI:10.11988/ckyyb.20250992
边坡变形-破坏一体化理论
Integrated Theory of Slope Deformation and Failure
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Slope failure theory is the fundamental basis for safety assessments of earth-rock dams,em-bankments,and slope engineering projects.Most existing slope analysis methods focus on single processes and struggle to adequately characterize slope deformation,failure characteristics,and their evolution under the coupling of multiple processes such as loading,moisture variation,and rheological effects.Moreover,conventional failure analyses often rely on stress-based failure criteria,limiting their ability to analyze the slope failure process and to reveal the underlying failure mechanisms.Commonly used engineering methods,such as the limit equilibrium meth-od,have difficulty properly accounting for the coupling mechanism between slope deformation and failure,and their instability criteria often rely heavily on empirical judgment.Therefore,there is an urgent need to reveal the deform-ation-failure coupling mechanism of slopes under multi-process conditions and to establish a mechanical model for progressive slope failure.[Methods]This study proposed a novel research approach of"integrated analysis of the deformation and failure process",which used measurable deformation to quantitatively track and describe the fail-ure process,in combination with multi-factor testing and multi-perspective analysis.To this end,centrifugal model testing and measurement techniques for slope multi-processes were developed.These techniques could effectively simulate various loads,environmental changes,and engineering scenarios,while enabling full-field,whole-process measurement of slope deformation.Based on experimental observations,the slope failure process was quantitatively determined,and the progressive failure characteristics of slopes,along with the influence of loading conditions,were investigated.Under various test conditions,the deformation-failure coupling mechanism of slopes and its influ-encing factors were revealed,and the applicability of this mechanism was discussed.By introducing a coupled mac-ro-micro integrated model for load-water-time effects and the slope deformation-failure coupling mechanism,three major mechanical equations were formulated,and an integrated analysis method for slope deformation and stability was developed.New equipment,independently developed on a centrifugal model testing platform,was used to sim-ulate various loads,environmental changes,and engineering scenarios.A high-quality image-based displacement measurement system for the centrifugal field was developed,achieving multi-factor coupling simulation and measur-able deformation.[Results]Slope failure was progressive and its evolution primarily depended on loading condi-tions.Changes in factors such as loading,water,and time induced localization near the potential failure surface of the slope,forming a"localization zone"that comprehensively reflected the main characteristics of slope deforma-tion-failure behavior.The evolution of this localization zone reflected the coupling mechanism between the slope de-formation localization process and the failure surface formation process.The increasing degree of localization devel-opment led to local failure within the zone,which subsequently exacerbated the degree of localization in the sur-rounding slope.The potential failure surface could represent this localization zone and exhibited a displacement co-ordination rule.Regardless of whether it was before,during,or after slope failure,the relative horizontal displace-ment of the soil masses on either side of the potential failure surface was independent of their spatial position.[Conclusion]Practical applications were conducted on typical projects including reservoir slopes and mining slopes.Slope displacement monitoring data obtained by the Global Navigation Satellite System were used for parame-ter inversion analysis,and the optimized parameters were then applied to calculate the slope response.The predic-ted slope displacement shows consistency with the monitored slope displacement,verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.Furthermore,a practical slope failure case was analyzed using the proposed method.The slope stability safety factor was calculated.The results show that the slope stability gradually decreases and ultimately rea-ches a value lower than 1.0,which indicates that slope failure has occurred.Further analysis shows that the predic-ted failure time is in good agreement with the actual failure time.The findings demonstrate that the integrated de-formation-stability analysis method can uniformly calculate slope deformation and stability.It effectively computes the entire process of slope deformation from small strains to post-failure,as well as the evolution of the stability safety factor.This method addresses the challenge of scientifically predicting slope stability based on deformation monitoring.关键词
边坡变形/破坏/稳定性分析/离心模型试验Key words
slope deformation/failure/stability analysis/centrifugal model test分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
张嘎,罗方悦..边坡变形-破坏一体化理论[J].长江科学院院报,2026,43(3):1-11,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3007001) （2023YFC3007001）
