寒旱农业科学2026，Vol.5Issue(3)：232-238,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2026.03.007
栽培基质与种植密度对马铃薯原原种的可持续性评价
Sustainable Evaluation of Potato Original Seeds Based on Cultivation Substrate and Planting Density
摘要
Abstract
To enhance the cost-effectiveness of virus-free seed potato production,this study aimed to address the current is-sues of single cultivation substrate for potato minitubers,low resource utilization rate and low input-output ratio.Effects of different substrates and increased planting densities on the agronomic and yield traits of virus-free potato seedlings and economic benefits were investigated,and the sustainability of different cultivation models was evaluated.Using virus-free test-tube seedlings of Longshu 10 as the material,3 cultivation substrates,i.e.,vermiculite,coconut coir,and vermiculite+coconut coir(volume ratio,1:1),were set as the main plots,and 3 planting densities(200,250,and 300 plants/m2)were set as the subplots.Effects of cultivation substrate,plant-ing density,and their interactions on the agronomic and yield traits of virus-free potato seedlings and economic benefits were studied,and the sustainability of different cultivation models was evaluated.Results showed that the vermiculite+coconut coir(volume ratio,1:1)treatment improved the agronomic and yield traits of virus-free potato seedlings.Among them,the 250 plants/m2 treatment had the highest survival rate of virus-free seedlings,SPAD value of leaves,and leaf area index.The survival rate was 0.1 to 1.2 percentage points higher than that of other treatments,and the SPAD value of leaves and leaf area index were increased by 2.0%to 12.7%and 5.6%to 31.0%,respectively.The yield of potato minitubers and effective tuber yield were increased by 20.3%to 29.9%and 19.3%to 29.6%,respectively,compared with the 200 and 300 plants/m2 treatments.Under the vermiculite substrate,the 300 plants/m2 planting density treatment had the highest production cost of 115 Yuan/m2 and the lowest net income of 55.2 Yuan/m2.However,the treatment with vermiculite+coconut coir(volume ratio,1:1)substrate and 250 plants/m2 planting density had a production cost of 102.5 Yuan/m2 and a net income of 94.8 Yuan/m2.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of 10 indicators,the treatment with vermiculite+coconut coir(volume ratio,1:1)substrate and 250 plants/m2 planting density also had a relatively high sustainability evaluation index.There-fore,the cultivation model with vermiculite+coconut coir(volume ratio,1:1)substrate and 250 plants/m2 density can increase the yield and economic benefits of potato minitubers compared with the existing cultivation model and thus has higher sustainability.It can be used as a main production technology to increase the yield and income of potato minitubers.关键词
马铃薯/原原种/栽培基质/种植密度/经济效益/可持续评价Key words
Potato/Original seed/Cultivation substrate/Planting density/Economic benefit/Sustainable evaluation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张增强,焦智辉,张海强,王欢凯,王艳娜,张燕兰,李远志..栽培基质与种植密度对马铃薯原原种的可持续性评价[J].寒旱农业科学,2026,5(3):232-238,7.基金项目
甘肃省科技计划项目(23CXGJ0020、22CX2NJ004) （23CXGJ0020、22CX2NJ004）
定西市科技计划项目(DX2024JP013、DX2025BYN049). （DX2024JP013、DX2025BYN049）
