高压电器2026，Vol.62Issue(4)：66-73,8.DOI:10.13296/j.1001⁃1609.hva.2026.04.007
冲击电压下变压器油中放电电弧放电通道形态及激波特性研究
Research on the Discharge Channel Morphology and Shock Wave Characteristics of Arcs in Transformer Oil Under Impulse Voltage
摘要
Abstract
Arc discharge in oil is the main cause of transformer deflagration accidents.With the development of power systems and the increase in voltage levels,the frequency and amplitude of transient pulse voltages have in⁃creased,making the behavior of arc discharge in oil more complex.This study aims to explore the morphological changes of arc and shock waves generated by arc discharge in transformer oil under impulse voltage.To this end,a high⁃voltage pulse discharge oil breakdown experimental platform is designed and set up.By synchronously collect⁃ing the voltage⁃current signals during the pulse arc discharge process and combining with high⁃speed photography technology,the dynamic evolution of the arc and the propagation process of the shock wave in the oil are captured.The morphological vriation and interaction mechanisms of the arc and shock wave during the discharge process are studied and analyzed and the influence of different electrode gaps on the diameters of the arc and shock wave is ex⁃plored.The experimental results show that the arc expansion speed in oil discharge is faster than that in water dis⁃charge,and the arc expands to the maximum in a shorter time.In case of shock wave sepration,the arc shows a shrinking trend,and then expands after the shock wave bubble bursts.The discharge gap distance has a significant impact on the shock wave morphology,which can be equivalent to the superposition of two ellipsoids.In the initial stage of arc discharge,the arc expansion volume is related to the applied voltage,and in the later stage,it is propor⁃tional to the gap length.This study provides new experimental evidence for the changes in arc and shock wave mor⁃phology during oil arc discharge under pulse voltage,and has important reference value for the refined modeling of transformer deformation and rupture.关键词
脉冲电压/变压器油/电弧放电/激波/电极间隙Key words
impulse voltage/transformer oil/arc discharge/shock wave/electrode gap引用本文复制引用
贾灵杰,王琦,李柳霞,李金璐,刘毅..冲击电压下变压器油中放电电弧放电通道形态及激波特性研究[J].高压电器,2026,62(4):66-73,8.基金项目
湖北省自然科学基金一般面上项目(2024AFB852).Project Supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation General Program(2024AFB852). （2024AFB852）
