耕作与栽培2026，Vol.46Issue(1)：11-14,26,5.
杂交水稻种子机械化生产技术研究
Research on Seed Production Mechanization Technology in Hybrid Rice
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the effects of female parent leaf age at mechanical transplanting,transplanting row ratio,and female parent sowing rate on hybrid rice seed production yield under complete mechanization.A field experiment was conducted in Zitong County,with three female parent leaf ages(3-leaf,4-leaf,5-leaf),two transplanter models with different row spacings(25 cm,30 cm),three transplanting row ratios(2∶12,2∶18,4∶18),and four female parent sowing rates(70,80,90,100 g/tray),The effects of these factors on hybrid rice seed production yield were analyzed.The results showed that hybrid rice seed production yield tended to decrease with increasing female parent leaf age at transplanting.Compared with transplanting at the 5-leaf stage,yields for transplanting at the 3-leaf and 4-leaf stages increased by 2.1%and 1.1%,respectively,though the differences were not significant.The transplanter model and female parent transplanting row ratio had significant effects on mechanized seed production yield.Compared with the 30 cm row spacing transplanter,the 25 cm row spacing model in-creased yield by 28.3%,with the yield advantage primarily attributed to higher effective panicle number and seed setting rate.Compared with the 2∶12 and 2∶18 female parent row ratios,the 4∶18 ratio increased yield by 9.5%and 20.5%,respec-tively,with higher effective panicle number,seed setting rate,and 1000-grain weight being key contributors to the yield in-crease.The female parent sowing rate also significantly affected hybrid rice seed production yield.Seed production yield gradually increased with higher sowing rates.Compared with sowing rates of 70 g/tray and 80 g/tray,the rate of 90 g/tray in-creased yield by 20.0%and 13.6%,respectively,while the rate of 100 g/tray increased yield by 21.8%and 15.3%,respec-tively.However,the yield increase of 100 g/tray compared to 90 g/tray was only 1.5%,which was not significant.In conclu-sion,under fully mechanized hybrid rice seed production,a combination of female parent transplanting at the 3-4 leaf stage,a transplanting row ratio of 4:18,and a sowing rate of 90 g/tray was recommended.This combination balances yield and pro-duction efficiency,providing a reference for optimizing mechanized seed production techniques.关键词
杂交水稻/行比/播种量/叶龄/产量Key words
hybrid rice/row ratio/sowing rate/leaf age/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
汪丁兵,刘德富,李郁,龚飞,周兴兵,徐富贤,蒋鹏,薛世兰,刘茂..杂交水稻种子机械化生产技术研究[J].耕作与栽培,2026,46(1):11-14,26,5.基金项目
四川水稻创新团队(SCCXTD-2024-SD) （SCCXTD-2024-SD）
国家制种大县奖励项目现代种业技术创新项目 （）
