环境工程学报2026，Vol.20Issue(2)：462-470,9.DOI:10.12030/j.cjee.202506078
基于胶体脱稳的黄磷废水处理机制分析与工艺优化
Analysis of treatment mechanism and process optimization for yellow phosphorus wastewater based on colloid destabilization
摘要
Abstract
The production of yellow phosphorus generates a large amount of wastewater with complex components,including high-value elemental phosphorus(P4).Although treatment and recycling are currently implemented,the sedimentation and recovery of P4 remain inefficient due to the presence of stable pollutant systems.This study focuses on high-phosphorus wastewater from a phosphorus chemical industry.Through simulated destabilization-sedimentation experiments of yellow phosphorus production wastewater,the effects of various factors on the destabilization efficiency were investigated.These factors include silica(SiO2)colloid mass concentration,pH,temperature,flocculants(cationic polyacrylamide(CPAM),polyaluminum chloride(PAC),and polyferric sulfate(PFS)),system ions(PO43-,Ca2+,F-,Al3+,and Fe3+),and surfactants(sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS)).The treatment mechanisms were also explored.Additionally,the obtained process parameters were validated using actual wastewater.The results indicate that the mass concentration of SiO2 colloid is the primary factor affecting the sedimentation efficiency of yellow phosphorus wastewater.SiO2 colloids form a stable dispersed system with negatively charged P4 colloids due to electrostatic repulsion,while also encapsulating part of the P4 to form stable colloidal structures,thereby inhibiting the sedimentation rate of P4 in yellow phosphorus wastewater.pH,temperature,flocculants,system ions,and surfactants all influence the destabilization effect of yellow phosphorus wastewater to varying degrees.In actual yellow phosphorus wastewater,the order of influence of various parameters on destabilization capacity is as follows:CPAM>temperature>pH>PO43->SDBS>natural sedimentation.The addition of 50 mg·L-1 CPAM increased the P4 sedimentation rate to 93.57％.Therefore,CPAM should be prioritized for destabilization in practical treatment processes.This research clarifies the mechanism behind the stability of the P4 colloidal system in yellow phosphorus wastewater.Through optimization of a series of process parameters,the sedimentation efficiency of P4 in wastewater has been effectively improved,providing technical support for the recovery and utilization of P4 in yellow phosphorus production wastewater.关键词
黄磷废水/胶体脱稳/工艺优化/处理机制Key words
yellow phosphorus wastewater/colloid destabilization/process optimization/treatment mechanism分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
田芬,冯婧微,彭先佳,孔令昊,胡星云,庞佳琳..基于胶体脱稳的黄磷废水处理机制分析与工艺优化[J].环境工程学报,2026,20(2):462-470,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFC3207403) （2023YFC3207403）
